损毁山体景观影响分析与评价
2012-06-04曲华峰张永伟石金鹏
曲华峰张永伟石金鹏
摘要:损毁山体实质上是人为活动或自然灾害造成自然山体的地形、地貌和植被的突变,形成的以裸露边坡为主体的山体破损形态。它狭义上包括开发建设等人为活动而形成的诸如采石场(含废弃的)、取土场、各类建设开挖边坡(房地产、工业区等场平工程及公路、铁路等建设形成的开挖边坡,包括石质性的护坡等),广义上还包括崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害造成的山体破坏所形成的以裸露边坡为主体的迹地(或坑口)。
Abstract: the damaged mountain is in essence a human activities or natural disasters caused by natural topography and landforms and vegetation mutations, formation of the bare mountain slope as the main body of the damage form. It includes the narrow sense the building and development of the formation of the human activities such as quarry (including abandoned), earth-gathering field, all kinds of construction slope dig (real estate, industrial engineering and a flat roads, railways and so on construction of the formation of the slope excavation, including stone sex in slope protection, etc), generalized also includes collapse, landslide and debris flow caused by geological hazards, such as the destruction by the formation of the bare slopes as the main body to be (or pit).
损毁山体的边坡多数以石质出现,其特点:一是土地几乎没有生产力,植被极难自然恢复;二是严重影响生态景观,其治理以改善生态景观为主要目标;三是单位面积的治理投入大,治理措施的技术含量高、难度大,治理以景观影响度为治理先后排序和选择绿化方法的主要依据。城市、自然保护区内部及其周边、主要交通干线两侧存在的大量损毁山体严重影响了自然景观的视觉效果,如何对其进行分析评价,从而进一步进行综合治理,成为众多从业技术人员的难题,本文从景观生态学角度对损毁山体进行了综合研究。
关键词:损毁山体 景观生态学
中图分类号:P901文献标识码:A 文章编号:
景观生态学是研究景观的空间结构与形态特征对生物活动、人类活动影响的科学。它以生态学理论框架为依托,吸收现代环境地质学、地理学与系统科学之所长,研究景观的结构(空间格局)、功能(生态过程)和演化(空间动态),研究景观和区域尺度上的资源、环境经营管理。……
