张家耀

中图分类号：V351.31 文献标识码： A 文章编号：

摘要：本文结合500 kV复合绝缘子断裂故障，分析了复合绝缘子断裂机理及原因，探讨了红外热像检测及紫外电晕检测技术在复合绝缘子检测中的应用效果。结果表明:在局部强电场和弱酸腐蚀综合作用下，芯棒机械性能降低是复合绝缘子断裂的重要原因；红外热像检测、紫外电晕检测等带电检测手段能有效发现复合绝缘子的缺陷，具有距离远、不接触、准确、实时、快速等优点；为避免复合绝缘子断裂事故，有必要优化复合绝缘子均压环的结构，选择最佳的均压环直径、管径及安装位置，改善复合绝缘子沿面场强及电压分布的不均匀性，抑制复合绝缘子局部区域的电晕放电现象。

关键词：电力500KV;红外热像检测;绝缘子检测;输电线路

Abstract: combining with 500 kV composite insulator fracture failure, analyzes the mechanism and reason of composite insulators fracture, discusses the infrared thermal imaging detection and uv corona detection technology in the detection of composite insulators application effect. The results showed that the local strong electric field and dilute acid corrosion comprehensive function, rods and mechanical properties of the composite insulator fracture reduce is the important reason; The infrared thermography, ultraviolet corona detection charged detection means can effectively composite insulator found defects, with the distance, not contact, accurate, real-time, fast; To avoid composite insulator fracture accident, it is necessary to optimize composite insulator pressure ring structure, selecting the best pressure pipe diameter and installation, circular diameter position, composite insulator to improve the surface of the field and the voltage distribution uniformity, restrain composite insulator local area of corona discharge phenomenon.

Key words: 500 KV power; The infrared thermography; Insulator detection; Transmission lines

0引言

与瓷、玻璃绝缘子相比较，复合绝缘子具有体积小、重量轻、耐污性能好、绝缘强度高、易安装、维护成本低等特点，已在电力系统中得到了大量应用，尤其是在重污区的线路上［1］。然而，随着运行时间的增加，运行线路上已发生多起复合绝缘子断裂甚至导线掉落的电网恶性事故［2-3］。究其原因，可能是复合绝缘子本身质量问题，如芯棒与金具连接处密封性能不好、不同芯棒材料的性能问题、护套质量缺陷；也有可能是安装问题，如没有安装均压环或均压环反装。为此了解复合绝缘子断裂机理，分析复合绝缘子的缺陷，带电检测与评价复合绝缘子的运行状态是十分必要的。……