宋志刚

摘要：近几年，随着生活水平的日益提高，人们对居住区的环境及周围景观设计的要求越来越苛刻，人们追求不仅仅是物质上的满足，更是追求精神上的充实，居住区对于居民来说，是一个长期活动并依赖的场所，居所附近的基础设施以及环境因素直接影响着居民们的心情及购房欲望。然而，目前大多数的居住区景观设计单调，功能设施脱离周边环境，甚至居民小区与都市繁华脱轨，为了满足市民们的精神生活，也是为了整体规划城市景观建设，我们应该加强居民区的景观建设，使得基础设施与周围环境恰当结合，方便居民也美化环境。

关键词：居住区基础设施 环境因素

Abstract: in recent years, with the improvement of life, people on residential environment and the surrounding landscape design more and more demanding requirements, people in the pursuit of more than material satisfaction, is the pursuit of spiritual enrichment, residential area for residents, is a long-term activity and the dependence of the place, the neighbourhood infrastructure and environmental factors directly affect the residents of mood and desire to purchase. However, most of the residential landscape design monotonous, functional facilities from the surrounding environment, and residents of the area and the city of derailment, in order to satisfy the people spiritual life, but also for the overall planning of city landscape construction, we should strengthen the residential landscape construction, the infrastructure and the surrounding environment appropriate combination, convenient dweller also beautify the environment.

Keywords: residential area infrastructure environment factors

中图分类号：P901 文献标识码 :A

居住区的主要分类及特点

对于我国来说，所有的城市居住区大致都分为三类，一是旧居住区、二是单位居住区、三是新居住区。

首先，旧居住区一般位于城市的旧居住地，房屋的质量及小区的配套设施较差，居住环境较差，这里的人均居住面积较大，周围的环境一般是商业、服务行业等。居民上下班乘公交车比较方便，但是周围环境嘈杂，空气污染严重，并不是适合市民居住的地方。

其次，单位居住一般是以单位的形式建设而成的居住地区。其特点是小区整体居住面积不大，楼层较低，居住环境较旧居住区要好一些，其配套设施比较全，这种居住区的居住人口也比较多，大多数是行政单位或者科研教育单位的住宅，周围环境交通和便利，从整体上来看算是中等小区。……