农业生态环境保护中的三方博弈及对策研究
2012-04-29刘英基
刘英基
摘要:针对我国农业生态环境问题的现状,运用博弈论分析方法对构建农业生态环境保护机制过程中的中央政府、地方政府和农业经营者(包括农村工业企业)的利害关系进行了研究。认为农业生态环境保护的实质就是中央政府、地方政府和农业经营者三方进行利益博弈与协调的过程,根椐三方博弈关系与行为特征,在统筹协调、投入保障、资源有偿使用与生态环境补偿、绿色生态农业发展等方面,提出了构建农业生态环境保护机制的对策。
关键词:粮食安全;农业生态环境;三方博弈
中图分类号:X821;F320.3文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2012)14-3110-04
Trilateral Game and Countermeasures in Agricultural Environment Protection:
Based on the Analysis to Food Security
LIU Ying-ji
(Politics and Management School, Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,Henan,China)
Abstract: Based on the present situation of agricultural ecological environmental problems, game theory was used to analyze the stakes of the central government, local government and agricultural product operators (includingrural worker, enterprise) in the establishment process of ecological environment mechanism. The essence of agri-ecological environmental protection is the trilateral game and coordination process of the central government, local governments and agricultural product operators. According to the relationships of trilateral game and behavioral characteristics, some countermeasures were proposed to establish agricultural ecological environment protection mechanisms, including co-ordination, investment protection, paid usage of resources and ecological environment compensation, development of green ecological agriculture and so on.
Key words: food security; agricultural ecological environment; trilateral game
长期以来,我国的粮食生产在很大程度上是建立在以牺牲资源与环境为代价基础之上的,在粮食总产量持续增加的同时,面临着耕地日益减少和农业生态环境被破坏的问题。农业生态环境污染破坏了耕地、水资源的平衡,造成粮食减产。我国耕地面积不断减少,且耕地中、低产田的比例大,污染程度高、盐碱化速度快,这些构成了我国粮食生产的弱质化特征[1]。本研究根据农业生态环境的现状,运用博弈论方法对中央政府、地方政府和农业经营者(包括农村工业企业,下同)互动博弈关系进行分析,试图探讨农业生态环境保护机制的构建途径。
1农业生态环境问题的成因及主体行为分析
1.1中央政府的行为分析
中央政府是农业生态环境保护实施的决策者和监督者,主要通过财政资金投入和税收减免等措施促进地方政府积极进行农业生态环境保护,通过法规、制度来约束和规范地方政府和农业经营者的行为[2]。……
