遥操作农田信息采集机器人控制系统研究
2012-04-29程玉柱,陈勇,王红星,胡娜,沈旭
程玉柱,陈勇,王红星,胡娜,沈旭
摘要:提出了一种基于遥操作机器人的农田信息采集方法,设计了新型农田信息采集机器人的控制系统并制造了移动机器人样机。主控计算机与车载网络摄像机构成无线局域网,实现视觉图像传输。在遥操作模式下,操作人员通过计算机导航软件控制机器人的动作,实现遥控导航和信号采集,可为精确农业提供原始数据。试验结果表明,机器人工作可靠性高、稳定性好。
关键词:农田信息采集;机器人;遥操作;控制系统设计
中图分类号:S127文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2012)14-3080-04
Researches on the Control System of a Tele-operated Robot for Information Collecting in Agricultural Fields
CHENG Yu-zhu,CHEN Yong,WANG Hong-xing,HU Na,SHEN Xu
(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)
Abstract: Field information collecting is an important part in precision agriculture. A field information collecting method based on a tele-operated robot was presented; a new type of field information collecting control system of the robot was designed; and a mobile robot prototype was developed. Host computer and a network camera constituted a wireless LAN to realize the video image transmission. In tele-oprated mode, the robot was controlled by computer navigation software under the manipulation of the operator to realize the navigation and remote information collecting which could provide raw data for precision agriculture. Experiments showed that the robot could work with high reliability and stability.
Key words: Information collecting in agricultural fields; robot; tele-operated; control system design
“精确农业”技术是21世纪实现农业数字化的重要内涵和目标,农田信息的采集是实现“精确农业”的前提[1,2]。因此,研究和设计一种全面、实时的农田信息采集方法和装备具有重要意义。
农田信息包括气象、土壤、水肥等环境信息和农作物生长信息,根据农田信息来控制农药、水肥等的投入水平,可以有效地提高农业生产效率[3]。国外农田信息采集主要研究有:Iida等[4]开发了六足昆虫机器人,利用风速仪和气体传感器,探测农田风速、定位CO2气体;Murakamia等[5]开发了遥控农业机器车,利用谷歌地图进行导航,实现多种农田操作;Garcia等[6]利用无线传感器网络构建分布式农田视频监控和数据采集系统,通过Internet实现远程数据传输。国内信息采集方法主要有手持传感器定点采集样本、结合3S技术信息采集、无线传感器网络采集。沈明霞等[7]开发了基于ARM和DSP的农田信息实时采集终端;……
