杨达 戴利朝 宋智勇

[摘 要]环鄱区地方党政启动的“创建农村示范社区”催生村治“新气象”，系新的历史条件下将农民重新组织起来的有益试水。只是官民界面依然显示“乡村治理困境”，县域“治理-发展模式”是其重要背景问题。多年来存在于湖区的生态治理三大难题，又与行政管理体制及环保法律体系缺陷相关。通过改革理顺管理体制并提高监管技术手段及其效率，藉此充分调动农民维护家乡生态环境的积极性，促使现行市场化竞争背景下的乡村治理迈向基于“生态红利”的共赢治理模式，这已是势在必行。本文据此提出民生优先、技术优先两个原则和四项政策建议。

[关键词]鄱阳湖生态经济区；乡村治理；官民界面；行政体制改革；生态红利

[中图分类号]I3/7；I06 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1674-6848（2012）02-0093-17

[作者简介]杨 达（1959—），男，江西赣南人，江西省社会科学院当代江西研究所研究员；戴利朝（1974—），男，江西泰和人，博士，江西师范大学传播学院副教授；宋智勇（1971—），男，江西高安人，江西省社会科学院研究院副研究员。

[基金项目]江西省社会科学院2010年重大招标课题“乡村治理与鄱阳湖生态经济区建设研究”（10ZD03）的阶段性成果。

Title: Constructing a Win-Win Mode of Village Governance in the Era of “Eco-bonus”—A Field Survey of Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone （2010-2011）

Authors: Yang Da, Dai Lichao & Song Zhiyong

Abstract: Initiated by the local party and government administration of Poyang Lake District, “Establishing Rural Model Community” results in the new look of rural governance, which is a beneficial attempt to reorganize the farmers in the new historical condition. Yet the government-civilian interface still shows that “rural governance plight” and “governance-growth mode” of the county are its major background problems. Three big problems of eco-management long existing in the lake district is related to the defects in administrative system and environmental protection system. Its imperative to coordinate administrative system and improve supervision and control techniques and efficiency through reforms, so as to motivate the farmers to protect the eco-environment, to spur rural governance under the background of current market- oriented competition to a win-win mode based on “eco-bonus”. This paper accordingly proposes two principles of peoples livelihood first and technology first and four policy suggestions.

Key words: Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone; rural governance; government-civilian interface; reform of administrative system; eco-bonus

乡村系以农业为基本经济活动的居民聚落地区，这些聚落又称“村落”或“村盘子”。“农业”是个大概念，含农林牧副渔等五个子项。传统的中国村落多为种植业为主的单一形态，也有农林、农牧、农渔、农副等兼业形态，单一的林业村、牧业村、副业村和渔业村则不多。当代中国工业化、城市化加速，演化出一些单一的副业村、商业村和工业村，呈现为新的非农产业基地或小城镇雏形。……