王永梅

[摘要] 目的：探讨门诊护士锐器伤的发生与自身素养的相关性，分析影响护士锐器伤的相关因素，为护士合理防范锐器伤提供参考。方法：采用调查问卷方法调查1 500名门诊护士的自身素养情况，调查前向被调查者说明本次调查意义，并由调查者给予统一的指导语，运用多种统计方法进行统计学分析。结果：调查问卷显示，1 500名门诊护士共发生锐器伤3 600人次，人均2.4次。根据单因素分析，护龄、文化程度、职称、培训情况、上报情况与门诊护士锐器伤存在相关性（均P<0.05）。根据多因素分析，与门诊护士锐器伤相关的因素有4项，分别为护龄、职称、文化程度和培训情况（P<0.05）。结论：自身素养对门诊护士锐器伤的发生有影响，护理管理者和医院应从不同层面提高护士的自身素养，同时要加强医院护理管理，维护护士的身心健康，从而更好地提高护理质量。

[关键词] 门诊护士；锐器伤；自身素养；相关性

[中图分类号] R192.6[文献标识码] C[文章编号]1673-7210（2011）11（c）-150-03

The relevance analysis between self accomplishment and sharps injuries of nurses in outpatient service department

WANG Yongmei

Department of Outpatient Service, Beijing Shijingshan Hospital, Beijing 100043, China

[Abstract] Objective: To explore the relevance between self accomplishment and sharps injuries of nurses in outpatient service department, and analyze the relevant factors of sharps injuries of nurses, in order to provide a reasonable reference for nurses to prevent sharps injuries. Methods: Survey questionnaire method was used to investigate the self accomplishment of 1 500 nurses in outpatient service department, and the significance of this investigation was explained, in order to eliminate the concerns of nurses, the consistent guidance language was given by investigators, and various statistical methods for statistical analysis were used. Results: Questionnaire shows that 3 600 person-time sharps injuries occurred in 1 500 nurses of outpatient service department, 2.4 times per capita. Nursing age, degree of education, professional title, training situation, reporting system were related with sharps injuries of outpatient service department nurses by univariate analysis (all P<0.05). According to multivariate analysis, there were 4 factors associated with sharps injuries, which were nurse length of service, professional title, degree of education and training situation (P<0.05). Conclusion: The self accomplishment has influence on sharps injuries of nurses in outpatient service department. Nurse managers and hospital should improve nurses self accomplishment from different levels, strengthen the management of hospital nursing, and maintain physical and psychological health of nurses, in order to improve the nursing quality.

[Key words] Nurse of outpatient service department; Sharp injuries; Self accomplishment; Relevance

在2003年SARS与2009年甲流暴发流行期间，医护人员锐器伤导致的高感染率已经引起了人们的极大关注[1]。在医护人员中，门诊护士与患者和锐器接触最为密切，如果没有有效的自我防护措施，可能会危害其自身健康并且成为感染源头[2]。近年来，国内外进行了一系列锐器伤和职业防护的研究[3-4]。本文就本院门诊护士锐器伤及防护现状进行了一次大范围调查，探讨了门诊护士锐器伤的发生与自身素养的相关性，以期掌握护士锐器伤及防护情况，分析其危险因素，为进一步的干预研究提供参考。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

从北京石景山区5所三甲医院门诊护士中进行整群抽样调查。共发出问卷1 650份，回收有效问卷1 500份，有效回收率为90.9%。纳入标准：①参加临床护理工作1年以上，且持有护士执业资格证书的护士及临床护理管理人员；……