王新民

一、 寻找完全倒装标志,巧记完全倒装句型

所谓完全倒装句型是指当某一特定内容出现在句首时将谓语动词直接提前放在该特定内容后面而构成的倒装句型,这种倒装句型的构成常有下列标志:

1, here,there,in,out,up,dow,away等介词、副词放在句首时应使用完全倒装句型。例如:

In came the boy.

Away flew the bird

但是使用这种完全倒装句型时应注意主语必须为名词,当主语为代词不能使用完全倒装句型。

误:Out rushed he.

正:He rushed out.

正:Out he rushed.

2,in front of,in the distance,to the east of 等地点状语放在句首时应使用完全倒装句型。例如:

In the distance stands a high building. 远处矗立着一座高楼。

To the east of the two hills lies a city.这两座山的东边有一座城市。

二、 不完全倒装标志,巧记不完全倒装句型

不完全倒装句型要求当某一特定内容出现在句首时不能将谓语动词直接提至句首,而需在该特定内容后加上助动词、情态动词或系动词。不完全倒装句型的构成常有下列标志:

1, hardly, scarely,barely,little,never,seldom 等否定副词出现在句首时应该使用不完全倒装句型。例如:

Hardly can you understand the text.你几乎不懂这篇课文。

Little does he know about the news.该消息他知之甚少。

2, not until 出现在句首时应使用不完全倒装句型。例如:

Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what wheat is ,直到十九世纪早期人们才知道小麦是什么东西。

Not until I began to work did I realise how much time I had wasted .直到我开始工作,我才意识到我已浪费了多少时间。

Not until all the fish in the river died did the villagers realise how serious the pollution was.直到河里所有的鱼都死了,村民们才意识到污染有多严重。

3, hardly… when…,no sooner… then…(一……就……)放在句首时应使用不完全倒装句型。例如:

Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off . 我一到飞机场,飞机就起飞了。

No sooner had he gone to bed than the telephone rang.他一上床,电话铃就响了。

4, so (用于肯定句),neither/nor (用于否定句)表示“也”出现在句首时应使用不完全倒装句型。例如:

He has passed the exam;so have I.他通过了考试,我也通过了考试。

——Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother ?

——I dont know ,nor do I care.

“你知道吉姆和她的兄弟争吵吗?”