APP下载

动词时态考查要点解析

2019-04-01李建高

初中生·考试 2019年4期
关键词:主句题干时态

李建高

一、认准“标志词”判别时态

一般来说,每一种时态都有其特定的“标志词”,如时间状语、时间副词等。大家在辨别时态时,一定要仔细去发现它,从而快速做出判断。

(2018年天津卷)—Jerry, have you ever been to the Great Wall?

—Yes. I there with my parents last year.

A. go B. went

C. will go D. have gone

解析:根據时间状语last year可判断出,此处应该用一般过去时。行为动词的一般过去时用动词的过去式表示,go的过去式为went,选B。

(2018年上海卷)Michael in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year.

A. teaches B. taught

C. will teach D. was teaching

解析:根据时间状语from February to June next year可判断出,此处应该用一般将来时。一般将来时有“will/shall + 动词原形”及“be going to + 动词原形”常见结构,选C。

(2018年沈阳卷)Sarah many places of interest in Beijing already.

A. visited B. has visited

C. will visit D. visits

解析:根据语境并结合标志词already可判断出,此处应该用现在完成时。现在完成时的结构为“have/has + 动词的过去分词”,选B。

(2018年邵阳卷)—Where is Jim?

—Look! He under the tree.

A. is standing B. stood

C. stands

解析:根据语境并结合标志词Look可判断出,此处应用现在进行时。现在进行时的结构为“be + 动词-ing”结构,选A。

知识拓展:熟记下面这些常见的“标志词”:

1)always, often, usually, sometimes, once a week, every day (一般现在时)

2)yesterday, last night, just now, in 2008, two days ago (一般过去时)

3)now, at the moment, these days, listen, look (out) (现在进行时)

4)at eight yesterday morning, at that time, then, those days, when/while + 从句 (过去进行时)

5)tomorrow, next week/month/year, in two days, soon (一般将来时)

6)already, yet, just, ever, never, so far, ever since, for + 一段时间或since + 时间点(现在完成时)

7)by the time, by the end of..., when +从句, before + 从句 (过去完成时)

二、透过语境判别时态

辨别时态最为关键的一点就是语境,答题时我们要学会通过上下文语境来判断句子的时态,注意上下文时态的一致性。

(2018年河北卷)—The bread is really delicious.

—Thank you. I it myself.

A. make B. made

C. will make D. am making

解析:根据上句“The bread is really delicious.”可推断出下句意为:谢谢。我自己做的。显然,“做”这一动作发生在过去,所以此处应该用一般过去时,make的过去式为made,选B。

(2018年盐城卷)—I my card. I want to report it.

—You can call the bank to report the loss. It would be faster.

A. lose B. was losing

C. will lose D. have lost

解析:根据答语“You can call the bank to report the loss. It would be faster.”可以推断出上句意为:我的卡丢了,我想报告。此处表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响,所以要用现在完成时,选D。

三、依据语言习惯判定时态

有些句子的时态需要考虑习惯表达,如在宾语从句中,从句为客观事实和自然规律时,时态不受主句影响,仍然使用一般现在时;在时间和条件状语从句中,若主句是一般将来时,则从句用一般现在时表示将来。

(2018年乌鲁木齐卷)John told his little daughter the earth from the west to the east.

A. moved B. moving

C. moves D. move

解析:这是一个宾语从句。虽然主句用了一般过去时,但由于从句叙述的是自然规律,所以时态仍然要用一般现在时,选C。

(2018年北部湾卷)As soon as she in Nanning, she will call you.

A. arrives B. arrive C. will arrive D. arrived

解析:本题题干为as soon as引导的时间状语从句,并且主句是一般将来时,所以从句应该用一般现在时表示将来,选A。

(2018年南充卷)—When is the school art festival?

—It will be held on time if it next Monday.

A. dont rain B. wont rain

C. doesnt rain D. didnt rain

解析:本题题干为if引导的条件状语从句,并且主句是一般将来时,所以从句也应该用一般现在时表示将来,选C。

猜你喜欢

主句题干时态
数字算式
宾语从句考点梳理(二)
超高清的完成时态即将到来 探讨8K超高清系统构建难点
Wheelchair basketball stars
过去完成时态的判定依据
提纲挈领 拨云见日
在阅读题干中寻求解题锁钥
掌握方法 有效答题
现在进行时
论英语反意问句中附加问句与主句的可分离性