王淦昌 1907.5.28～1998.12.10

核物理学家。江苏常德人。1929年毕业于清华大学。1934年获德国柏林大学博士学位。中国核工业总公司科技顾问、研究员。40年代初提出通过轻原子核俘获K壳层电子释放中微子时产生反冲中微子的创造性实验方法。在十一国联合原子核研究所工作期间，领导首次发现了反西格玛负超子。首次观察到基本粒子相互作用中产生的带奇异夸克的反粒子。在中国第一颗原子弹和第一颗氢弹研究试制中作出了突出贡献。1964年提出用激光照射氘氚而产生中子的设想，并于其后不久获得实验证明，为后来的惯性约束聚变获取核能做了开启性工作。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Nuclear physicist. Born in Changshu,Jiangsu Province.Granduated from Tsinghua University in 1929. Received Ph.D. inBerlin University, German in 1934. Scientific and technologicaladvisor and research professor, China National NuclearCorporation.

In his early years, Wang proposed a new method to studyhigh energy ray using cloud chamber. He proposed an originalexperimental method to catch the recoil neutrino which emergedwhen K-layer electron emitted neutrino by means of light atomicnuclear in the 1940s. During his work in the 11th Institute ofthe United Nations Atomic Nuclear, he led the finding of theanti sigma negahyperon. He first observed the antiparticle withstrange quark which emerged in the interaction of basic particles.He made an important contribution in the design of China's firstatomic bomb andhydrogen bomb. In 1964,he suggested and laterworked out that whena mixture of deuteriumand tritium is incident bya laser beam, neutronsshould be emitted. Thissi actually the conceptionof Inertial ConfinementFusion(ICF).

He became Memberof the Chinese Academyof Sciences in 1955.

王湘浩 1915.5.5～1993.5.4

代数学、计算机科学家。河北安平人。1937年毕业于北京大学。1949年获美国普林斯顿大学哲学博士学位。吉林大学教授。主要从事代数数论和赋值论、人工智能学等方面的教学与研究并取得多项重要成果。40年代纠正了格伦瓦尔定理的错误，对该定理作了推广并给出了该定理成立的充要条件，重新论证了狄克逊猜想。证明了代数数域上单纯代数换位子群与其么模子群相等。提出并解决了利用“保n项关系”的方法解决多值逻辑中函数集的完备性问题。在定理机器证明和计算机代数方面，推广了归结原理，并推广而且改进了Vincent 定理。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Algebra and computer scientist. Born in Anping, HebeiProvince. Graduated from Peking University in 1937. ReceivedPh.D. from Princeton University, USA in 1949. Professor, JilinUniversity.

Wang was mainly engaged in the education and researchin th fields of algebra number theory, assignment theory andartificial intelligence. He made many important achievements.In the 1940s, he corrected the errors in Grunwald’s theorem.With generalized and proposed sufficient-and-necessaryconditions for the theorem, he reproved the Diksion Conjecture.He proved the equivalent relation between the commutator groupof simple algebra on algebraic number field and its unimodularsubgroup. He presented and solved the problem of function setcompleteness in multiple-valued logic by using‘ PrdservingN-Item Relationship’method. In the theorem mechanicalproving and computer algebra, he generalized the resolutionprinciple, and generalized and modified the Vincent theorem.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in1955.

马大猷 1915.3.1～

物理学家。原籍广东潮阳，生于北京。北京大学理学学士（1936）。美国哈佛大学硕士（1939）、哲学博士（1940）。中国科学院声学研究所研究员。主要从事物理声学和建筑声学的研究，极大地发展了房间声学中的简正波理论，提出简正频率分布定律和房间混响的分析方法。50年代设计建造了具有独创性的中国第一个声学实验室和第一个水声实验室。60年代领导设计建造了我国第一个高声强试验室。提出了语音统计分布的理论，开创了我国语言声学的研究工作和驻极体电容传声器的研制工作。成功地领导了北京人民大会堂的音质设计。建立了电动气流扬声器理论、微穿孔板吸声结构理论、流体动力噪声的压力定律，小孔消声器和扩散消声器理论，室内声场分布理论，室内声场有源控制理论和非线性驻波理论。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Ma is mainly engaged in the research on physical andarchitectural acoustics. He developed greatly the normal modetheory of room acoustics by establishing the law of distributionof normal frequencies and the method of analysis of roomreverberation. He designed China’s first acoustics researchlaboratory and first underwater acoustics laboratory in the1950s and first high-intensity acoustecal testing laboratoryin the 1960s. He proposed the law of distribution of speechsounds and initiated research on automatic speech recognitionand the development of electret condenser microphones. Heestablished the theory of electropneumatic loudspeakers, theoryof microperforated panelabsorbing constructions, pressure law ofaerodynamic noises, theory of micropore and diffuser mufflers,theory of interial sound field, theory of active noise control inrooms and theory of nonlinear standing waves.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Scienses in1955.

王竹溪 1911.6.7～1983.1.30

物理学家。湖北公安人。1933年毕业于清华大学。1938年获英国剑桥大学哲学博士学位。北京大学教授、副校长。主要从事理论物理特别是热力学、统计物理学、数学物理等方面的教学工作与科学研究，在湍流尾流理论、吸附统计理论、超点阵统计理论、热力学平衡与稳定性、多元溶液、热力学绝对温标、热力学第三定律、物质内部有辐射的热传导问题以及基本物理常数等广泛领域进行了许多研究，取得多项重要成果。在有序无序变化的统计力学理论方面将贝特理论作了重要推广，在热力学的理论研究方面作出了多方面的推广。同时对物理学史、基本物理常数和汉字检索机器化方案等作了不少有成效的研究。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Physicist. Born in Gong’an,Hubei Province. Graduated fromTsinghua University in 1933,Received Ph.D. from CambridgeUniversity, UK in 1938. Professorand vice president , PekingUniversity.

Wang was mainly engagedin the teaching and research oftheoretical physics, especiallythermodynamics, statistic physics,mathematical physics,etc..Hestudied the extensive aspectsof turbulent backwash theory,adsorption statistic theory ,superlattice statistic theory, thermodynamic balance and stability,polynary solution, thermodynamic absolute temperature, the third lawof thermodynamics, pyroconduct problem with radiation within matters,basic physical constants, etc..and made several important achievements.In the research on order and disorder transition lf statistic mechanicstheory, he made important generalization to Baird theory. He madeseveral generalizations in thermodynamic theories. He also made someachievements in the research on physics history, basic physical constants,the machine retrieval plan of Chinese word, etc..

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.