中图分类号：TD322 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1003-5168（2025）13-0049-05

DOI： 10.19968/j.cnki.hnkj.1003-5168.2025.13.009

Study on the Width of the Protective Coal Pillar After Roof Cutting and PressureReliefBased on Numerical Simulation

ZHANGPu1 ZHANG Desheng'LOU Peijie1²HE Haoda'HUANG Puhao1 （1.Anhui University of Science and Technology，Schoolof Civil Architecture，Huainan 232Ooo， China; 2.National Key Laboratory of Coal Fine Explorationand Intelligent Development，China University of Mining and Technology，Xuzhou 221116，China）

Abstract： [Purposes] In view of the impact of mining disturbance on the west gas drainage roadway of a mine，as wellas that of permanent abutment pressure in the coal pillar after the working face is stopped， the pre-splitting blasting technology for roof cuting and pressure relief is adopted.This notonly protects the roadway and improves recovery rate，but also reduces the width of the protective coal pillar. [Methods] In this paper， FLAC ^3D software is used to simulate the stress distribution of roadway surrounding rock underdifferent widths of protective coal pillars after roof cuting and pressure relief，so as to determine the reasonable width of the protective coal pillr.[Findings] The simulation results indicate that with the increase in the width of the protective coal pillar，the degree of vertical stress concentration of the surrounding rock of the roadway decreases.When the width of the protective coal pilla exceeds 50 m， the degree of decrease is no longer obvious. Finaly，a 5O-meter-wide protective coal pillar is selected. [Conclusions] The research results provide a reference for the design of roadways with similar conditions in this area.

Keywords： roof cutting pressure relief; numerical simulation; protective coal pillars; FLAC ³⁰

0 引言

为保证煤炭资源的开采效益，保护煤柱的合理宽度应在保证安全的前提下，做到应采尽采。随着煤矿开采深度的增加，地层压力也会增大，尤其是顶板应力会逐渐增大。当矿井达到一定深度后，原有的支护结构可能无法有效支撑顶板，导致顶板发生不均匀沉降或局部塌陷。此时，需要通过切顶卸压技术来减轻顶板压力，保证巷道围岩的稳定。同时，切顶卸压技术能切断采空区顶板的应力传递路径，以此来缩小保护煤柱的合理宽度，并保证大巷稳定。

围绕切顶卸压与保护煤柱的控制关系，诸多学者进行了讨论与研究。赵常辛等通过调整切顶角度，显著提高了巷道围岩稳定性。张念超等基于统一强度理论，建立了支护应力与护巷煤柱尺寸计算模型，发现支护应力越大，护巷煤柱尺寸越小。魏峰远等3指出保护煤柱尺寸的确定并非简单的线性问题，而是复杂的非线性问题，与煤层倾角、埋深、煤层围岩性质等相关。宋阳升4和熊巨等通过FLACD数值模拟确定了大巷煤柱切顶角度和切顶深度。高玉兵等研究了不同煤层厚度下，切顶成巷的设计参数。朱文庆等运用FLACD研究了工作面末采段切顶卸压护巷技术。杨军等8研究了切顶卸压下无煤柱自成巷条件下基本顶断裂对巷道变形的影响。

本研究以山西某煤矿为例，设计 60m 保护煤柱，采用FLAC3D数值模拟分析不同保护煤柱宽度下，巷道围岩应力分布及顶底板位移情况。……