教授活用经方论治呃逆验案举隅
2025-08-15凌家生吴小叶陈洪
【中图分类号】R249.2/.7 【文献标志码】A 【文章编号】1007-8517(2025)12-0100-03
DOI:10. 3969/j. issn.1007-8517.2025. 12. zgmzmjyyzz202512019
Abstract:Hiccupsareaclinicalsymptomcharacterizedbythesudden,involuntarycontractionofthediaphragmandotherrespiratorymuseles,whichansignificantlydisruptdailyactivits.Medicinetreatmentsforhiccupsoftensufferfromseveresideffects andinconsistetefcacy,whilesurgicaloptionsinvolvehighisksandnumerouscontraindications,limitingtheirclinicaluse.Incontrast,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)hasalong historyofefective treatments forhiccups,withclasicalformulas suchas Xu anfuDaizhe Dcoctioncontiuing toberelevant.ProfesorChenHong,drawingfromextensiveclinical experience,hasidentifiedthat hiccupsareprimarilyduetoimpairedstomachdescent,disharmonybetweentheliverandstomach,andsubsequent Qistagnationaffectingthediaphragm.ProfessorChen’sapproachinvolvesmodifingclasicalforulasbyremovingQi-obstructingingredientsandincorporating tosetatpromotestomachQidescent,sothetheliver,andstabilizecounterflow.Thismethodnotonlyenhancescliical eficacybutalsoreducesthelikeliodofrcuence.TisarticlerevewsProfessorChenHong'smethodologyinadjustingclassicalfor mula forhiccupsandhislinicalexperiencs,oferingeperspectiesforTdiagnosisandtreatmentofhiccpsandfurtrevalu ating the clinical value of Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction.
Key words:Hiccup;Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction;Classical Prescription;Professor Chen Hong;Treatment Experience
呃逆是因膈肌和其他呼吸肌痉挛性收缩而引起的一种临床症状,相当于西医学的单纯性膈肌痉挛,也可见于胃炎、胃肠神经官能症、胃扩张以及胸腹手术后等疾病[1]。呃逆多由饮食失常、药物过度刺激引起,常伴随皖腹胀闷、痞满不适、纳呆、暖气频繁等消化道症状。呃逆病最早记于《丹溪心法·呃逆》,其载:“古谓之啰,近谓之呃,乃胃寒所生,寒气自逆而呃上,亦有热呃,亦有其他病发呃者,视其有余不足治之。”[2]指出多种原因可以导致呃逆发病,需随证治之。
陈洪教授悬壶三十余载,师从吕景山国医大师,学验俱丰,遵古博今,辨证精确,疗效显著,屡获美誉。现为广东省名中医、全国第七批老中医专家学术经验继承工作指导老师,广州中医药大学教授、博士研究生导师。陈洪教授辨证使用药对治疗呃逆病,在经方旋覆代赭汤的基础上,结合肝脾失和胃失和降的核心病机,加以通降胃气、疏肝理气之品,疗效颇丰。笔者有幸随陈洪教授临证学习,现总结其临证思路,并分享其活用经方治疗呃逆病的临证验案一则。
呃逆的中医辨治
1.1病因病机呃逆最早出现在《黄帝内经》,称为“啰”。意义与现在的理解相似,指的是因中焦脾胃气机升降失常,胃气上逆引起的膈肌痉挛,从而出现喉间呃呃连声,气急声短,不能自制[3]《素问·宣明五气》曰:“胃为气逆,为啰。”[4认为与寒气及胃、肺有关,是胃气上逆而发病。陈言《三因极一病证方论·啰逆论证》中说到:“大率胃实即噫,胃虚则啰,此由胃中虚,膈上热,故啰。……
