关键词：开式整体叶盘；曲面分层；测地偏移；粗加工；刀位规划

中图分类号：TH164；TP391.7

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2025.04.005 开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Generation Method of Milling Paths of Open Blisk Channels Based on Parameter Mapping

HAN Jiang1，² ZHANG Wenqiang1，² TIAN Xiaoqing1，2 * XIA Lian1，2 1.School of Mechanical Engineering，Hefei University of Technology，Hefei，230009 2.Anhui Provincial Intelligent CNC Technology and Equipment Engineering Laboratory， Hefei，230009

Abstract： A machining strategy for variable layer thickness with layered surfaces was proposed to address the rough machining issues of the channels across the entire blisk components. Considering the characteristics of the variation in the width of the channels across the entire blisk components，the geodesic ofset was used to determine the toolpath boundaries on both sides of the channels，and the step size and the number of paths were determined. A planning method for the longitudinal milling path along the channels was proposed，and then the tool axis vector of the channel boundaries is calculated，and the tool axis vector of the middle cutter positions of the channel boundaries is calculated by quaternion interpolation. The calculation results show that，compared with the conventional uniform layering method using the blisk hub rotary surface offset or the blisk covering rotary surface offset， the variable layer thickness surface delamination may better adapt to the surface changes from the covered rotary surface to the hub rotary surface，the surface quality of the blades is ensured，with the advantage of a uniform machined blade surface allowance，and the feasibility of the algorithm was verified through machining examples.

Key words： open blisk; surface layering; geodetic offset; roughing;tool path planning

0 引言

开式整体叶盘类零件在航空、船舶、化工等各个领域里起着至关重要作用，其设计、加工制作受到广泛关注。整体叶盘的研发简化了传统发动机的结构，相较于传统叶盘，可以减小近 50% 的质量[1]。与传统叶盘相比，整体叶盘具有结构简单、气流稳定、消除安装过程中的挤压应力等优点[2]。开式整体叶盘类零件加工主要采用圆柱毛坏件经过流道铣削加工、叶片半精加工、叶片精加工等一系列工序最终完成。作为加工整体叶盘的第一步，材料切除量绝大部分是在叶盘流道粗加工过程中完成的，而且为了后续半精加工和精加工的表面质量，流道粗加工阶段在需要保证效率的同时，对零件表面的加工质量也有一定要求。

传统的刀具路径规划算法有等参数线法[3-6]平面截交法[7]以及等残余高法[8-9]。等参数线法以加工曲面的一系列参数线作为刀具轨迹，对于参数曲面该方法计算简单，但是等参数法会造成残高不均匀或路径冗余。平面截交法通过建立一组平面与模型曲面求交得到一组截交线作为刀路，该方法适应性强，算法简单稳定，但是生成的刀路不适合边界复杂的自由曲面，且刀路存在较多的短小刀路，刀路之间还可能需要过渡刀路。等残余高法是在给定初始刀具路径后，根据残余高度的约束，在曲面上不断迭代得到刀具路径，这样能保证很高的加工精度，但是其计算复杂，刀路之间可能出现自交，初始路径对刀路质量影响较大。……