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Vc 发酵副产物对辽西半干旱区秸秆降解速率的影响

2025-08-03王立高一楠朱向楠张默涵

安徽农业科学 2025年12期
关键词:干旱区辽西副产物

中图分类号S216.2文献标识码A

文章编号 0517-6611(2025)12-0037-04

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2025.12.010

开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):

Effect of Vc Fermentation By-products on Straw Degradation Rate in Semi-arid Areas of Western Liaoning WANG Li,GAO Yi-nan,ZHU Xiang-nan et al(Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000)

Abstract[Objective]To explore the effect of applying vc fermentation by-products (RAE + CBS)on the straw degradation rate in the semiaridareaofestLoedisudoldgoseiileeitaldd areof westeLiaongasthsdyr,ihopieldndcootsoilastereseahets.Byeasofsalluridii, acombinationoffeldexpeentsndsillboratoyexpetsasdoptedesuloieldsiicatlyeasdferao of RAE + CBS.The proportionoffattyarbonandolysaccharideinsoilorganicmatercomponntssignificantlyincreasdaftertheapationof RAE + CBS,whiletheproportionofromaticarbondecreasdsignificantlyThproportionofplysachaidecompoentsinorganicateromponents showedatrendofrstincreasing,thendecreasing,andthen increasingagainaftertheapplicationofhigh-doseRAE + CBS.The cellulase activity was significantly higher than that of the control groupafter the application of high-dose RAE + CBS,and the cellulase activity showed a sharp decline trend from 1 to 7 days after application.After the application of high-dose RAE + CBS,the β -glucosidase activity showed a trend of first increasing,then decreasing,and then stabilizing.[ Conclusion] The application of RAE + CBS has a positive effect on the improvement of semi-arid soil.The application of RAE + CBS enhanced the ability to decompose cellulose in straw degradation,thereby promoting the accumulation process of soil organic matter in the semi-arid area of westerm Liaoning.

Key wordsConservation tillage; vc fermentation by-products;Straw degradation;Soil organic mater;Soil enzymes

辽西半干旱地区长期的传统耕作伴随着秸秆移走或就地焚烧,加速了土壤有机质含量的下降1,进而导致土壤质量下降,既不利于环境保护又不利于农业资源的可持续利用[2]。近年来,免耕栽培一直被提倡作为一个减轻和适应气候变化的潜在工具[3]。在辽西半干旱地区施行免耕是提高土壤有机碳水平的措施之一[4],该地区风大、蒸发剧烈,降雨量少、干旱频发,风蚀严重,限制了土壤有机质的形成[5]。因此免耕加秸秆覆盖还田的保护性耕作措施成为该地区提高王壤碳储量的重要举措。

vc 发酵过程中会产生和排放大量的工业废水,其副产物主要包括古龙酸母液(RAE)和超滤后浓缩菌液(CBS)[6]。RAE是 vc 工业生产过程中的2-酮基-L-古龙酸(2KGA)发酵液经过蒸发、浓缩、结晶后得到的残留物[7],其主要成分为2KGA、草酸、甲酸、乙酸等一系列小分子有机物[8]。CBS是由混合培养发酵后的超滤膜截留的发酵液产生的另一种菌液。巨大芽孢杆菌(约 2.0×107CFU/g, ),也称为一种植物生长促进菌(PGPB),是CBS中存在的主要微生物9。针对辽西半干旱区土壤有机质含量下降和 vc 发酵副产物资源合理利用的问题,该研究基于土壤微生物代谢调控理论,采用“低分子量有机酸 + 外源降解物种加速秸秆降解”策略[10],即施加不同剂量 RAE+CBS 结合滴灌方法[],构建了一套适用于辽西半干旱地区的保护性耕作技术集成,并在辽西示范区开展相关试验,旨在结合秸秆还田、免耕等保护性耕作措施[12],加速辽西半干旱地区土壤有机质积累进程[13]。……

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