基于离散元法的生物质热解螺旋抄板优化设计与试验
2025-08-03李梓玉白效鹏徐道春李文彬
中图分类号:S776 文献标识码:A DOI:10.7525/j.issn.1006-8023.2025.04.017
Abstract: Inrecent years,biomass pyrolysis equipment has emergedasafocal pointofresearch inthe globalenergy sector.To ackle challenges such asuneven material heating andaccumulation at the tail section commonlyobserved in fixed-bed pyrolysis systems,this study focuses onoptimizing andanalyzing theperformanceof spiral combined flights,a keycomponent in fixed-bedreactors.Anovel variable-pitch combinedflightsstructure was designed,anditscritical parameters were systematicallydetermined.Using Altair EDEM simulations,the effects of rotational speedand equipment inclination angleon the discharge rate were evaluated,and the simulationoutcomes were validated through experiments. Simulationresults demonstratedthatthe variable-pitchcombinedflightsstructure effctivelyliftedmaterialsandredirected tail-end accumulation towards the discharge outlet,enabling uniform heating andresolving the isue of particle buildupatthetail.Meanwhile,theinclinationangle exertedasignificantlystronger influenceonthedischargerate,with a between-group to within-group mean squareratioof 240.OO,farsurpassing theratioof 25.60 observedforrotational speed.Experimental results aligned closely with the simulations,yielding a correlation coeficientof 0.998 7.
Keywords:Biomass;spiralcombined flight;discrete elements;optimization design;correlation analysis
0引言
机问题,减少温室气体排放,并有助于减轻全球变暖和环境污染等问题[1]。生物质具有分布广泛、可再生和低污染的特性。然而,直接利用生物质原料存在诸多缺点,如直接燃烧的热值低等。利用生物质能源转化技术,可以将其转化为高品位、高效能、商品化、易于运
生物质能以化学能的形式贮存于生物质中,是一种具有替代石油、煤炭等化石能源潜力的可再生能源。生物质能的开发和利用能够在一定程度上解决能源危输、使用方便的新能源产品[2]。然而,如何高质高效转化和利用生物质成为当前研究热点。
生物质热解技术是指生物质在无氧或缺氧环境下,在高温条件下使生物质原料进行热分解,主要产物为生物油、生物炭、焦油、醋液及燃气等[3-5]。热解在清洁能源生产和固碳减排方面展现出巨大的应用潜力,同时也是自前热化学方法中获得生物油的唯一技术[6-7]。热解反应器是实现该技术的重要装置,不同类型的反应器对于热解产物的分布和反应效率有重要影响。目前,主要的热解反应器包括固定床、流化床、回转窑、旋转锥、烧蚀、携带床和真空热解等,生物油的制备主要采用流化床,生物炭的制备主要采用固定床和移动床。目前国内外试验室常用管式炉作为热解设备进行相关机理研究,但存在反应室各部位温度梯度较大,物料在炉体内处于停滞不能均匀受热,导致设备生产效率低、炭化质量差及未完全炭化等问题[8-12]。……
