动词不定式的基本形式为“to + 动词原形”，其否定形式是“not to +动词原形”。

动词不定式（短语）在句中没有人称和数的变化，动词不定式（短语）作其他句子成分的常考点：

◆作主语，此时常用it 作形式主语，而把动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后面。如：

It is good to help others.

◆作定语，常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置定语。如：

Would you like something to drink？

◆want， agree， choose， decide， fail， hope， plan， would like等动词（短语）后跟动词不定式作宾语；ask， learn ， show， teach， know等动词后可用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语。如：

I’d like to help homeless people.

Can you teach me how to play the piano？

◆在find / think / feel + it + adj. +动词不定式（短语）结构中，it为形式宾语，动词不定式（短语）为真正的宾语。如：I find it difficult to learn a language well.

◆作状语，动词不定式可以在句子中作目的、原因、方法和结果状语。如：

She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read.

◆有些动词，如ask ， teach ， want ， tell， allow 等可接带to的不定式作宾语补足语，即构成ask / teach / want / tell / allow sb. to do sth. 结构，其否定式为ask / teach / want / tell sb not to do sth。如：

You can ask the hospital to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.

注意：在let， make， see， feel， watch， hear等使役动词或感官动词后， 常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：

It makes me feel excited to watch National Women’s Volleyball Team’s matches.

◆作表语。如：His dream is to be a doctor.

注意：（1） like， love， begin， start 等动词既可以跟不定式，也可以跟动词⁃ing 形式作宾语，意义差别不大。

（2） forget， remember， stop， try等动词后既可以跟动词不定式，也可以跟动词⁃ing形式，但是意义不同。

中考真题（节选语法填空题）

1. （2024·四川·南充） If I could live as long as 130， would you still say that it is too late for me （start） after 60？” she says jokingly.

2. （2024·四川·自贡） （get） better at designing （设计）， Wan studied fine art in college.

3. （2024·四川·宜宾） If you would like （buy） some food， you can scan （扫描） a special code on the arm of your seat. Follow the steps to order， and the salesperson will bring it to you.

4. （2024·湖北·武汉） （develop） China’s own IPs， some theme parks make good use of traditional Chinese culture， and others focus on films about Chinese stories.

5. （2024·山东·烟台） （produce） mooncakes， you’ll need a mold （模具）. Molds are available in different sizes and depths.

6. （2024·贵州） Her husband asked da Vinci （paint） a portrait （肖像） of her.

7. （2024·湖南） The quality （品质） was good， but I wanted to do something different， so I decided （have） a different menu.

8. （2024·广东·深圳） My teacher noticed my strong arms and encouraged me （try） it，” said Ole. When he was asked the secret of his success...

9. （2024·内蒙古·包头） The match allowed Chinese and French youths

（improve） their competitive skills， friendship， and sow the seeds for future cooperation between the two sides，” said by a French officer.

10. （2024·青海） They didn’t have phones with cameras like us， so Wu wanted" " " " （help） them take pictures.

11. （2024·吉林·长春） I really hoped （catch） the warm scene with my camera and I did it.

12. （2024·辽宁） Before starting， make sure how many points you want （reach）.

13. （2024·四川·德阳） Finally he agreed （teach） me how to make clay figurines，” Mi said. Learning clay figurines was difficult. However， he never thought of giving up halfway.

参考答案：

1. to start 2. To get 3. to buy 4. To develop 5. To produce 6. to paint 7. to have 8. to try 9. to improve 10. to help 11. to catch 12. to reach 13. to teach