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绝经期女性骨质疏松症并发症发生的风险因素分析

2025-08-03李森敏池敏慧

中国现代医生 2025年19期
关键词:骨质疏松症并发症

[摘要] 目的 探讨影响绝经期女性骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)并发症发生的风险因素。方法 选取2021年8月至2023年8月温州市中西医结合医院收治的108例绝经期女性OP患者,根据有无OP并发症将其分为无并发症组(50例)和并发症组(58例)。比较两组患者的一般资料及促卵泡激素(follicle stimulating hormone,FSH)、黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone,LH)、雌二醇(estradiol,E2)、钙(calcium,Ca)、Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端前肽(N-terminal propeptide of type Ⅰ procollagen,PⅠNP)、骨钙素(osteocalcin,OCN)、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)水平。结果 两组患者的吸烟史、饮酒史、运动情况、营养摄入情况、日照情况、饮食习惯比较差异均有统计学意义(Plt;0.05)。并发症组患者的OCN、Ca、ALP、PⅠNP、E2水平均显著低于无并发症组,PCT、LH、FSH水平均显著高于无并发症组(Plt;0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,吸烟史、饮酒史、运动情况、营养摄入情况、日照情况、饮食习惯、OCN、PCT、Ca、ALP、PⅠNP、E2、LH、FSH均是影响绝经期女性OP并发症的相关因素(Plt;0.05)。结论 吸烟史、饮酒史、运动情况、营养摄入情况、日照情况、饮食习惯、OCN、PCT、Ca、ALP、PⅠNP、E2、LH、FSH均是影响绝经期女性OP并发症发生的相关因素。

[关键词] 绝经期女性;骨质疏松症;并发症;风险因素

[中图分类号] R271.116;R681" """"[文献标识码] A """""[DOI] 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9701.2025.19.008

Analysis of risk factors for complications of osteoporosis in menopausal women

LI Senmin1, CHI Minhui2

1.Department of Trauma Orthopedics Ⅰ, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China; 2.Department of Emergency, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the risk factors affecting the occurrences of osteoporosis (OP) complications in menopausal women. Methods A total of 108 menopausal female patients with OP who were admitted to Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from August 2021 to August 2023 were selected and divided into non-complication group (50 cases) and complication group (58 cases) according to the presence or absence of OP complications. The general data, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), calcium (Ca), N-terminal propeptide of type Ⅰ procollagen (PⅠNP), osteocalcin (OCN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels of two groups of patients were compared. Results There were statistically significant differences in the comparisons of smoking history, drinking history, exercise status, nutritional intake status, sunshine exposure status and dietary habits between two groups of patients (Plt;0.05). The levels of OCN, Ca, ALP, PⅠNP and E2 in complication group were significantly lower than those in non-complication group, while the levels of PCT, LH and FSH were significantly higher than those in non-complication group (Plt;0.05). The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that smoking history, drinking history, exercise status, nutritional intake status, sunshine exposure status, dietary habits, OCN, PCT, Ca, ALP, PⅠNP, E2, LH, and FSH were all related factors affecting the complications of OP in menopausal women (Plt;0.05). Conclusion Smoking history, drinking history, exercise status, nutritional intake status, sunshine exposure status, dietary habits, OCN, PCT, Ca, ALP, PⅠNP, E2, LH and FSH are all related factors affecting the occurrence of OP complications in menopausal women.

[Key words] Menopausal women; Osteoporosis; Complication; Risk factor

骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)是一种常见的代谢性骨病,全球约2亿人患病,可导致骨折、脊柱变形等并发症,严重影响患者的生活质量[1-3]。绝经期女性受雌激素水平下降等因素影响,OP的发病率更高;OP并发症的发生风险受多种因素影响,如激素、遗传、营养、生活方式、慢性疾病及心理因素等[4-6]。明确这些因素对OP并发症发生的影响有助于个体化预防策略的制定,进而降低OP并发症的发生风险。本文旨在探讨绝经期女性OP并发症的危险因素,为临床干预提供理论依据。……

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