[摘要] 目的 探讨振荡电场刺激对大鼠脊髓损伤（spinal cord injury，SCI）后内源性神经干细胞（endogenous neural stem cell，ENSC）增殖和运动功能恢复的影响。方法 采用改进的Allen打击法建立大鼠SCI模型，将其随机分成实验组和对照组，每组60只。实验组采用振荡电场刺激器植入进行干预，对照组不作任何干预，仅放置振荡电场刺激器。造模成功后，于第3、7、14天时分别取出大鼠脊髓，行抗神经上皮干细胞蛋白（neuroepithelial stem cell protein，Nestin）/5–溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷（5–bromodeoxyuridine，BrdU）免疫荧光检测ENSC增殖情况，并采用免疫组织化学检测脊髓中Wnt–3a蛋白表达；在第4、6、8周分别取脊髓行锇酸染色观察大鼠髓鞘形成情况，并在取材前对各组大鼠行Basso–Beattle– Bresnahan（BBB）运动功能评分。结果 免疫荧光染色结果显示两组大鼠SCI后第3天均可见损伤区Nestin/BrdU双阳性细胞表达，第7天达到高峰，第14天开始逐渐下降，但仍维持在较高水平；实验组大鼠各时间点的Nestin/BrdU双阳性细胞数量均多于对照组。免疫组织化学结果显示实验组大鼠各时间点的Wnt–3a蛋白表达水平均高于对照组（Plt;0.05）。第6、8周时，实验组大鼠的髓鞘数量显著多于对照组（Plt;0.05）；第4、6、8周时，实验组大鼠的BBB评分均显著高于对照组（Plt;0.05）。结论 振荡电场刺激可通过激活Wnt/β–catenin信号通路诱导SCI后ENSC增殖，促进髓鞘再生，改善大鼠运动功能。

[关键词] 振荡电场刺激；脊髓损伤；内源性神经干细胞；Wnt-3a蛋白；髓鞘

[中图分类号] R318" """"[文献标识码] A """""[DOI] 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9701.2025.19.003

Effects of oscillating field stimulation on the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cell and recovery of motor function in rats after spinal cord injury

ZHANG Kunkun， SHAO Chen， QIAO Shaolin， QIU Dapeng， LIU Zhengjie

Department of Orthopaedics， the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University， Bengbu 233000， Anhui， China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effec of oscillating field stimulation on the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cell （ENSC） and recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury （SCI） in rats. Methods The SCI model was established by using the improved Allen’s strike method and was randomly divided into experimental group and control group， with 60 rats in each group. The experimental group received an oscillating field implant as the intervention， while the control group was equipped with the same device but without activation. After successful modeling， the spinal cord of rats was removed on the 3rd， 7th and 14th day， respectively. The proliferation of ENSC was detected by neuroepithelial stem cell protein （Nestin）/ 5–bromodeoxyuridine （BrdU） immunofluorescence， and the expression of Wnt-3a protein in spinal cord was detected by immunohistochemistry. At the 4th， 6th and 8th week， the spinal cord was stained with osmic acid to observe the formation of myelin sheath in rats， and Basso-Beattle-Bresnahan （BBB） functional score of each group of rats was performed before sampling. Results The immunofluorescence results showed that Nestin/BrdU double positive cells in the injured area could be seen in both groups on the 3rd day after SCI， reaching a peak on the 7th day， and gradually decreased on the 14th day， and still maintained at a high level. At the same time， number of Nestin/BrdU double positive cells in experimental group rats at each time point was more than that in control group. The immunohistochemical results showed that the expression level of Wnt-3a protein in experimental group rats at each time point was higher than that in control group （Plt;0.05）. At the 6th and 8th weeks， the number of myelin sheaths in experimental group rats was significantly higher than that in control group （Plt;0.05）. At the 4 th， 6th and 8th weeks， the BBB scores of rats in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group （Plt;0.05）. Conclusion The oscillating field stimulation can induce the proliferation of ENSC after SCI by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway， promote myelin regeneration， and improve motor function of rats.

[Key words] Oscillating field stimulation; Spinal cord injury; Endogenous neural stem cell; Wnt-3a protein; Myelin

神经干细胞（neural stem cell，NSC）广泛存在于成年哺乳动物的脑和脊髓中，正常情况下NSC处于相对静止状态，在损伤等特定情况下NSC可发生分裂、增殖、分化，参与损伤修复^[1]。振荡电场刺激（oscillating field stimulation，OFS）是指植入器通过发出弱电场促进轴突向阴极生长，同时在阳极排斥轴突生长之前变换极性，从而促进损伤区轴突双向生长^[2]。……