Microbial community structure in rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseasec patchouli （Pogostemon cablin）

XU Lele， HUANG Qianmin， LI Yongqin， WANG Liyun （School ofLifeScienceandTechnology，LingnanNormal University，Zhanjiang524O48，China）

Abstract：To explore the structure and diversityof therhizosphere soil microbial communityof healthy and diseased Pogtemoncablin（patchouli），high-throughputsequencing technologywasemployed tosequenceandconductfunctional prediction

收稿日期：2024-07-30

基金项目：湛江市科技计划项目（2022A01054）：省教育厅项目（2021KCXTD039）

作者简介：许乐乐（1981-），男，湛江人，博士，助理研究员，研究方向为生物计算与计算机仿生学。（Tel）18934029616；（E-mail）xulees@163.com

通讯作者：李永芹，（E-mail） lyongqin@163.com;王锂，（E-mail）wly@ lingnan.edu.cn

analyses on themicrobial communitiesin therhizospheresoil ofboth healthy and diseased patchouli plants.The results indicated thatafterpatchouli plantswerediseased，the total phosphorus content in the rhizosphere soil increased significantly（ Plt;0.05 ）.Atotal of 8O1 fungal operational taxonomic units（OTUs）and 3 477bacterial OTUswere identifiedintherhizospheresoil ofbothhealthyand diseasedpatchouli plants. The number of fungi in the rhizo

spheresoilofdiseasedpatchouliplantsincreasedsignificantly，whilethenumberofbacteriadecreased.Thecompositionof microbial phylaandgeneraintherhizospheresoilofhealthyanddiseasedpatchouli plants remainedunchanged，butdiferences wereobservedintherelativeabundanceofsomephylaandgenera.Aftertheplants werediseased，atthephylumlevel，therelative abundancesofAcidobacteriaand Verrucomicrobia bacteria，aswellas Ascomycota fungi decreasedsignificantly，whiletherelativeabundancesofFimicutesbacteriaand Basidiomycota fungi increasedsignificantly.Atthegenus level，therelativeabundancesofPenarthrobacter，Ralstonia，andAlorhizobium-Nohizobium-Parahizobium-Rizobium bacteria，aswellasTalaromyces fungiincreasedsignificantly，whiletherelativeabundancesofPodospora，Conlariumand Arthrobotrys fungidecreased significantly.Correlationanalysis resultsshowedthatthere wasanobvious differenceinthecorrelationbetweentherhizospheremicrobialphylaofhealthyanddiseasedpatchouli plantsandsoilenvironmentalfactors.In diseasedpatchouli plants，soilphysicochemicalindicators werecorrelatedwiththerelativeabundanceofmorebacterialphyla，whileinhealthyplants，soilphysicochemicalindicatorswerecorelatedwiththerelativeabundanceofmorefungalphyla.FAPROTAX functional predictionresults indicated that there wereobvious diferences intherelativeabundanceof four typesof bacterial functions，including plant pathogen，ureolysis，aromatic hydrocarbon degradationand hydrocarbondegradation，btween therhizosphere soil of healthyand diseased patchouli plants.FUNGuildfunctional predictionresults showed thatthereweresignificantdiferences intherelativeabundancesofpathological-saprophytic-symbioticandsymbioticnutritional typesoffungalnutritional typesintherhizospheresoilof healthyanddiseasedpatchouli plants.Therelativeabundanceof plant pathogens in diseased plants increased significantly.The functional predictionresults suggestedthatthere was acertaincorelationbetween theoccurrenceof patchouli diseaseand changes intherelative abundanceof pathogenic microorganisms.Thefindingsof thisstudycan provideatheoretical basis forthepreventionand controlof patchouli diseases.

Key words：Pogostemon cablin；rhizosphere soil；microbial community；high-throughput sequencing；disease prevention and control

广藿香［Pogostemon cablin（Blanco）Benth.]又名南藿香，是广药中的道地药材，具有极高的药用价值。传统中医一般用广藿香的梗或叶入药，具有减缓妊娠呕吐、发表解暑、防治流感、芳香化湿、止咳祛痰、调理肠胃、抗炎抑菌等多种药用功效[1-5]。现代药理研究结果表明，广藿香挥发油中含有百秋李醇、广藿香酮、广藿香烯类等多种活性成分，在医药、化工、畜牧养殖、农业等多个领域具有广泛的应用。目前广藿香的主要病害及其防治是对其研究的主要内容之一[6-7]。研究发现，广藿香在人工种植过程中容易感染病虫害，常见的病害包括根腐病、斑枯病和褐斑病等，这些病害对植物的代谢过程产生严重干扰，进一步阻碍植物的正常生长，甚至可能导致植株完全枯萎或死亡[8]。病害的发生导致广藿香的大量减产，降低了广藿香种植的经济效益，严重降低了药农种植的积极性。

土壤、植物和微生物之间存在着密切联系。根际土壤中的微生物比较活跃，微生物与植物根系相互作用，相互影响[9。植物微生物群落与植物生长健康存在直接或间接关联[10]。贺璐等[11]指出卷丹百合根腐病与根际土壤中真菌结构变化，尤其与有害真菌如散囊菌纲（Eurotiomycetes）外瓶霉属（Ex-ophiala）的增殖密切相关。席娇等[12]及杨娅琳等[13]的研究结果显示，微生物是导致某些植物发病的主要原因。……