Effects of combined application of biogas fertilizer slurry with chemical fertilizers on yields， quality and stress resistance of ginger

LI Zhaopeng¹， XU Yanping1，WANG Guanlong'， ZHANG Peng²， ZHANG Yan’， ZHANG Miaomiao'

ZHU Xiaoli’，LI Naicheng'

（1.CollgeofdeAcuredEoet，fgstfefoSddiGoeo，

Ltd.，Weifang ，China）

Abstract：Toprovideabasis fortheapplicationofcombineduseofbiogas fertilizer（biogas slurrand biogas residue）andchemicalfertilizers ingingercultivationtechnology，ShannongNo.1gingerwasselected as the experimental material，and treatments were set as follows：CK（chemical fertilizers only），T1 treatment（ 20% biogas slurry +80% chemical fertilizers），T2 treatment（ 50% biogas slurry + （20 50% chemical fertilizers），T3 treatment（ 80% biogas slurry + （20 20% chemical fertilizers），and T4 treatment（ 50% biogasslurry + 50%chemical fertilizer + biogas residue as a substitute for base fertilizer）.These treatmentsweredesignedtoevaluate theefectsofbiogassluryandbiogasresiduesontheyield，quality， andstress resistance during the vigorous growth stageof ginger.Theresults showed thatthe yields of alltreatments （except

收稿日期：2024-09-18

基金项目：省自然科学基金项目（ZR2023QC326）；省重点研发计划项目（2023TZXD028）；土地集团横向项目（2022-KJHX-03）

作者简介：李兆鹏（1994-），男，人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为植物保护。（E-mail）15666085797@163.com

通讯作者：李乃成，（E-mail）linaicheng23@163.com

for T3treatment）were significantly higher than that of CK，with thehighestyield observedin T2 treatment.The applicationofbiogas residues asa base fertilizer had the most obvious impact on ginger quality. In T4 treatment， the contents of soluble sugar，ascorbic acid，and gingerol inginger rhizomes were significantly higher than those in CK.As the proportion of biogas slurry increased，the nitrate content in ginger rhizomes decreased significantlyun

derT4treatment.ExceptforT3 treatment，alltheother treatmentscould improve the stressresistance of ginger during its vigorous growth stage，characterized by increased activities of superoxide dismutase（ SOD ）and catalase （CAT）， as well as the accumulation of flavonoids.However，when the proportion of biogas slurry reached 80% ，the content of malondialdehyde （MDA）in ginger leaves increased significantly，while the content of glutathione （GSH）and the activity of CAT declined， indicatingthatlipid peroxidationoccured in gingerandthe stressresistancereduced.Insummary，theoptimalapplication method for maximizing ginger yield was 50% biogas slurry + +50% chemical fertilizer（T2）.For improving ginger quality and stress resistance，the best application method is 50% biogas slurry + 50% chemical fertilizer + biogas residue as a substitute for base fertilizer.

Key words： ginger; biogas slurry； biogas residue； yield; quality； stress resistance

随着中国养殖业规模化、集约化的发展，由畜禽粪污发酵产生的沼液、沼渣量急剧增加，如何实现该副产物的资源化利用已经成为亟待解决的问题。沼液、沼渣（统称为沼肥）是畜禽粪污、作物秸秆厌氧发酵产物的副产物，其内含有植物生长所必需的营养元素，比如生长素、氨基酸等物质，是一种优质的有机肥料[1-2]。沼肥可提高种子萌发率[3]、防控作物病虫害并提高作物抗病性[4-5]、改善土壤环境、促进作物生长、提高农作物品质[6-8]。然而，沼肥施用存在施用量是否适宜及安全阈值问题，过量施用会对环境造成污染，甚至抑制植物生长，导致农作物减产[9]。此外，沼肥内养分比例不均衡，各养分含量受原料影响较大，其内含有大量的可溶性盐类，单独施用沼肥难以满足作物的养分需求[10]。因此，采用沼肥与化肥配施才能保障作物的良好生长，明确二者间的施用比例依然是当今研究的热点之—[6]

果蔬类作物需肥量大，施肥频次高，采用沼肥与化肥配施不仅可以显著降低化肥投入量，亦可以高效解决沼肥消纳问题，改善作物的品质。沼肥对作物的肥效与其施用比例、施用方法及目标作物密切相关。例如， 50% 沼肥追施处理的甜瓜果实内糖度、硬度及维生素C含量最佳[1]。低浓度沼液（ 50% ）和高浓度沼液（ 80% ）均可显著提高黄芪叶片超氧化物歧化酶（ SOD ）及过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性，但是100% 沼液则会导致二者活性显著下调，黄芪抗逆性降低[3]。……