免疫检查点到个体化治疗策略的肺癌免疫治疗临床现状与进展
2024-05-21刘险
刘险
【摘要】 肺癌是一种高发、高死亡的恶性肿瘤,其中非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)占80%以上。近年来,免疫检查点抑制剂(ICI)作为一种新型的免疫治疗手段,已经在晚期NSCLC的一线或二线治疗中显示出显著的临床效益,改善了患者的生存和生活质量。然而,仍有一部分患者对ICI不敏感或出现耐药,因此,寻找有效的预测生物标志物和开发个体化治疗策略是当前肺癌免疫治疗的重要方向。本文综述了肺癌的免疫生物学特征、ICI在肺癌中的临床应用、ICI效果的预测生物标志物以及个体化治疗策略的发展方向,并对肺癌免疫治疗的未来展望进行了探讨。
【关键词】 肺癌 免疫检查点抑制剂 预测生物标志物 个体化治疗
Clinical Status and Progress of Immunotherapy for Lung Cancer from Immune Checkpoints to Individualized Treatment Strategies/LIU Xian. //Medical Innovation of China, 2024, 21(07): -183
[Abstract] Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with high incidence and mortality, among which non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for over 80%. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have shown significant clinical benefits as a new type of immunotherapy in the first or second line treatment of advanced NSCLC, improving the survival and quality of life of patients. However, there are still some patients who are not sensitive to ICI or develop resistance. Therefore, finding effective predictive biomarkers and developing personalized treatment strategies are important directions for current lung cancer immunotherapy. This article reviews the immunobiological characteristics of lung cancer, the clinical application of ICI in lung cancer, the predictive biomarkers of ICI efficacy, and the development direction of individualized treatment strategies. It also explores the future prospects of immunotherapy for lung cancer.
[Key words] Lung cancer Immune checkpoint inhibitors Predicting biomarkers Individualized treatment
First-author's address: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang 550000, China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2024.07.040
肺癌是一种严重危害人类健康的恶性肿瘤,其发病率和死亡率均居各种癌症之首。肺癌的治疗主要包括手术、放疗、化疗、靶向治疗和免疫治疗等,其中免疫治疗是近年来肺癌治疗领域的一大突破和创新。免疫治疗通过激活或增强机体自身的免疫系统,识别和消灭肿瘤细胞,从而达到抑制肿瘤生长和转移的目的。免疫检查点抑制剂(ICI)是一类能够阻断肿瘤细胞与免疫细胞之间的抑制性信号,恢复免疫细胞的活性和功能的药物,已经在晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)和小细胞肺癌(SCLC)中显示出显著的临床效果,并获得了多个国家和地区的批准和推荐。然而,由于肺癌的异质性和复杂性,仍有一部分患者对ICI不敏感或出现耐药,导致治疗失败或进展。因此,如何筛选出适合ICI治疗的患者群体,以及如何优化ICI治疗方案,提高其效果和安全性,是当前肺癌免疫治疗面临的重要挑战。……
