艾慧静

【摘要】 目的：探究強化心理护理联合加速康复外科（ERAS）理念对老年股骨颈骨折患者术后恢复及心理状态的影响。方法：选取2021年5月—2022年5月福建医科大学附属南平第一医院收治的60例老年股骨颈骨折患者为研究对象，按随机数字表法分为常规组和观察组，各30例。常规组采用常规护理，观察组在常规护理的基础上，增加强化心理护理联合ERAS理念。观察两组心理状态、髋关节功能及护理满意度。结果：出院时，两组焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）评分均明显低于干预前，且观察组均低于常规组（P<0.05）；观察组术后4个月Harris评分高于常规组（P<0.05）；观察组护理满意度（96.67%）显著高于常规组（70.00%）（P<0.05）。结论：老年股骨颈骨折患者应用强化心理护理联合ERAS理念的护理效果显著，能够加速患者康复，减轻心理压力，提高护理满意度。

【关键词】 股骨颈骨折 强化心理护理 加速康复外科理念

Effects of Intensive Mental Nursing Combined with ERAS Concept on Postoperative Recovery and Mental Status of Elderly Patients with Femoral Neck Fracture/AI Huijing. //Medical Innovation of China， 2024， 21（07）： 0-100

[Abstract] Objective： To explore the effects of intensive mental nursing combined with enhanced recovery after surgery （ERAS） concept on postoperative recovery and mental status of elderly patients with femoral neck fracture. Method： A total of 60 elderly patients with femoral neck fracture admitted to Nanping First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from May 2021 to May 2022 were selected as the study objects， and were divided into routine group and observation group according to random number table method， with 30 cases in each group. The routine group was treated with routine nursing， and the observation group was supplemented with intensive mental nursing combined with ERAS concept on the basis of routine nursing. The mental status， hip joint function and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were observed. Result： At discharge， the scores of self-rating anxiety scale （SAS） and self-rating depression scale （SDS） in both groups were significantly lower than those before intervention， and those in the observation group were lower than those in the conventional group （P<0.05）. The Harris score of the observation group 4 months after surgery was higher than that of the conventional group （P<0.05）. Nursing satisfaction of observation group （96.67%） was significantly higher than （70.00%） of conventional group （P<0.05）. Conclusion： The nursing effect of intensive mental nursing combined with ERAS concept is significant in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture， which can accelerate the recovery of patients， reduce mental pressure and improve nursing satisfaction.

[Key words] Femoral neck fracture Intensive mental nursing ERAS concept

First-author's address： Department of Orthopedics， Nanping First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University， Nanping 353000， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2024.07.023

随着我国人口老龄化加剧，股骨颈骨折的发生率也明显增加。根据统计数据显示，我国60岁以上人群中股骨颈骨折的发生率为5%～10%[1]，且随着年龄的增加，发生率呈递增趋势。相比之下，一些发达国家的老年股骨颈骨折发生率较低，如美国、澳大利亚等，其发生率为2%～7%[2]。这主要是由于我国老年人普遍存在骨质疏松的问题，骨质密度较低，髋周肌群随着年龄增长会逐渐萎缩退变，导致股骨颈支撑能力下降，易发生骨折[3]。老年股骨颈骨折以手术治疗为主，但由于老年患者机体功能退化，手术后的恢复过程需要综合性的护理。而常规护理缺乏个体化和综合性的考虑，不能充分满足患者的特殊需求，易忽略患者心理状况及社会支持的重要性[4]。因此，积极的护理方案是非常必要的，研究表明对该病患者采取心理护理可帮助患者建立正面的心态，促进康复。……