陇南高寒干旱区藜麦引种试验初报
2023-12-13张梅乔旭张惠孙连虎李荣杨发荣
张梅 乔旭 张惠 孙连虎 李荣 杨发荣



摘要:为筛选出适宜高寒干旱区种植的藜麦新品种(系),客观、科学、准确地评价藜麦新品种(系)的适应性及其表现,加速藜麦新品种(系)的应用与推广,对引进的8个藜麦新品种(系)在宕昌县进行了引种比较试验,并对各品种(系)的生育期、成熟期农艺性状及产量进行数据分析和综合评价。结果表明,各参试藜麦新品种(系)在试验区域内均能正常成熟,适宜在宕昌县海拔2 000~2 600 m的地区种植。平均折合产量以1564-1最高,为 4 503.96 kg/hm2;陇藜4号、4F-21平均折合产量较高,分别为4 424.68、4 398.97 kg/hm2。在宕昌县及地理气候相似的高寒干旱区大面积发展藜麦生产时,建议将1564-1作为主栽品种,4F-21作为搭配品种。
关键词:藜麦;新品种(系);引种比较试验;高寒干旱区
中图分类号:S512.9 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2097-2172(2023)11-1042-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2172.2023.11.012
Comparative Experiment of Introduced Quinoa Varieties in
Alpine Arid Areas of Longnan
ZHANG Mei 1, QIAO Xu 1, ZHANG Hui 1, SUN Lianhu 1, LI Rong 1, YANG Farong 2
(1. Longnan Agricultural Science Institute, Longnan Gansu 746000, China; 2. Institute of Animal Husbandry and
Green Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou Gansu 730070, China)
Abstract: This study was aimed to screen new quinoa varieties(lines) suitable for planting in alpine arid areas and to evaluate the adaptability and performance of new quinoa varieties (lines) objectively, scientifically, and accurately, so as to accelerate the application and promotion of new quinoa varieties (lines). 8 introduced quinoa varieties (lines) were used for comparative tests in Tanchang County. Data analysis and comprehensive evaluation were conducted based on the growth periods, agronomic traits at maturity, and yields. The results showed that 8 introduced quinoa varieties(lines) could mature in the experimental area, and were suitable for planting in areas with an altitude of 2 000 to 2 600 meters in Tanchang County. The 1564-1 had the highest average yield equivalent which was 4 503.96 kg/ha, followed by Longli 4 and 4F-21, which were 4 424.68 and 4 398.97 kg/ha, respectively. In Tanchang County and similar ecological regions, it is recommended to cultivate 1564-1 as main varieties and 4F-21 as a complementary variety for large-scale quinoa production.
Key words: Quinoa; New variety (line); Introduction and comparative experiment; Alpine arid area
收稿日期:2023 - 03 - 22;修订日期:2023 - 06 - 28
作者简介:张 梅(1974 — ),女,甘肃岷县人,农艺师,主要从事农作物栽培技术研究工作。Email: zhangmei1974@163.com。
通信作者:喬 旭(1964 — ),男,甘肃成县人,研究员,主要从事经济作物栽培技术研究工作。Email: qiaoxu3928@163.com。
藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa Willd. )是苋科藜亚科藜属一年生自花授粉植物[1 - 3 ],原产于南美洲安第斯山脉秘鲁和玻利维亚境内,距今已有7 000多年的种植历史[4 - 6 ]。藜麦籽粒蛋白质含量高达17%~22%,并富含9种人体必需氨基酸及矿物质、维生素等多种营养物质[5 - 7 ]。由于其丰富、全面的营养价值,被联合国粮农组织(FAO)认为藜麦是唯一一种可满足人体基本营养需求的单体植物,正式推荐藜麦为最适宜人类食用的完美营养食品,并列入全球10大营养品之一[8 ]。藜麦具有耐寒、耐旱、耐盐碱及耐瘠薄等生物学特征[9 - 12 ]。……
