刘素华　沈金梦

摘要：艺术的非经济影响日益受重视，社区艺术和公众参与指向的文化认同、社会包容和文化多样性价值居于美国、欧盟、新加坡等多个国家和地区文化政策的核心。资助艺术融入社区既是政府公共服务的在地化表现，也是国家意志与地方艺术机构和公众日常生活相嵌入，体现政府力量，实践艺术治理的方式。公共艺术资助既为社区提供更多接触高质量艺术的机会，也支持社区公众从事艺术创作，发出自己的声音，谱写多元文化。在这个过程中，公共部门不仅为社区项目提供资助，而且通过合作平台的搭建、引领性的研究支持以及以问题为导向的项目资助设计来协同地方性组织。随着媒体技术的发展，交叉研究的兴起，社区艺术资助也出现了一些新动向：依托互联网，直接面向公众打造艺术主题的虚拟社区；依托交叉研究，艺术融入社区进一步下沉深化，走向对艺术提升个体生命质量的探究。

关键词：社区，公共艺术资助，文化治理

Abstract： With increasing attention to the non-economic impact of art， the values of cultural identity， social inclusion and cultural diversity pursued by community art and public participation are now the core of cultural policies in many countries and regions such as the United States， the European Union and Singapore. In these areas， the governments are funding community-oriented art， which is not only the localization of their public services， but also the way they embed their wills in local art institutions and the publics daily life. By doing so， the governments can show their power and exercise their art governance. With public art funding communities are more likely to get in touch with high-quality art， encouraging the masses to engage in artistic creation and make their own voices so as to create diverse cultures.In this process， public sectors provide funding for community projects.Furthermore， they assist local organizations by constructing cooperation platforms， supporting leading research and funding problem-oriented project.With the development of media technology and the rise of cross-disciplinary-research， new trends have in community art funding： to create a virtual communitiesof artistic themes directly targeting the public through Internet; to further integrate art into communities by exploring arisen how art improves individual life quality based on cross-disciplinary-research.

Keywords： community， public art funding， governance

20世纪末、21世纪初，随着文化创意产业的发展，艺术的经济价值是不少国家政策和研究关注的重点。2000-2004年，美国国家艺术基金会（NEA）每年发布公众参与艺术活动，观看电影和体育赛事的支出报告，分析艺术为GDP所做的贡献。［1］《欧盟文化艺术资助》研究报告也指出文化的经济影响在奥地利、匈牙利、荷兰和英国的文化政策中居于被优先考虑的位置。［2］但近年来，艺术的非经济价值日益受重视，社区艺术和公众参与指向的文化认同、社会包容和文化多样性价值居于美国、欧盟、新加坡等多个国家和地区文化政策的核心。……