衢州市柑橘种质资源收集利用与研究展望
2023-07-13叶先明刘春荣王登亮吴雪珍马创举孙建城应国良
叶先明 刘春荣 王登亮 吴雪珍 马创举 孙建城 应国良
摘 要:衢州市柑橘栽培历史悠久,柑橘种质资源丰富。总结分析了衢州市柑橘种质资源的收集、保护、利用情况,提出了今后促进柑橘种质资源工作的建议。针对目前一些优质特色柑橘种质资源逐渐减少的情况和存在的重收集轻鉴定评价、重保存保护轻选育利用等问题,建议开展衢州市柑橘种质资源系统性调查与收集,尤其注重衢橘、椪柑、胡柚、香抛等地方特色柑橘种质资源的收集与保护,扩建完善现有的柑橘种质资源圃。加强已收集保存的种质资源的表型及基因型鉴定,筛选优质种质资源,强化杂交育种,以加速柑橘种质创新和新品种选育应用进程。
关键词:柑橘;种质资源;收集;利用;展望
文章编号:2096-8108(2023)04-0083-04 中图分类号:S666.2,S326中图分类号 文献标识码:A文献标志码
Colletion,Utilization and Research Prospect of Citrus Germplasm Resources in Quzhou
YE Xianming1,LIU Chunrong2*,WANG Dengliang2,WU Xuezhen2,MA Chuangju2,SUN Jiancheng2,YING Guoliang1
(1.Zhejiang Jianong Fruits and Vegetables Limited Company,Quzhou Zhejiang 324002,China;
2.Quzhou Agricultural and Forestry Scientific Research Institute,Quzhou Zhejiang 324000,China)
Abstract: There are rich citrus germplasm resources in Quzhou with a long cultivation history. The current collection, protection and utilization of citrus germplasm resources in Quzhou were summarized and analyzed, and some suggestions for the development of citrus germplasm resources were proposed. In the face of some excellent citrus germplasm resources are gradually reducing, and the problems of attaching importance to collection, protection of citrus germplasm resources but despising identification and utilization of citrus germplasm resources are promoted.The systematic investigation and collection of citrus germplasm resources were advised, especial Quju, Ponkan, Huyou, and Pummelos etc. The existing citrus germplasm resources nerseries were extended and improved for strengthening the phenotypic and genotypic identification of the collected and preserved germplasm resources, screening excellent germplasm resources, and intensifying hybrid breeding so as to accelerate the germplasm innovation and new cultivars breeding and application of citrus.
Keywords:citrus; germplasm resources; collection; utilization; prospect
中国是重要的柑橘原产中心之一,被誉为世界柑橘资源的宝库。枳、金柑、宽皮柑橘、橙、柚等原产中国。中国柑橘栽培的历史悠久,生態地理条件和气候多样,促进了经济栽培的柑橘类型品种多样化和资源的丰富多彩[1]。种质资源是果树育种及种质创新的基础[2],开展柑橘种质资源的收集、整理、评价、利用研究,对柑橘产业的高质量发展,具有重要意义[3]。衢州是我国柑橘的传统产区[4],先后被命名为“中国椪柑之乡”和“中国胡柚之乡”。目前,全市柑橘栽培面积2.23万hm2,以椪柑、胡柚为主,其中椪柑1.069万hm2、胡柚0.927万hm2、温州蜜柑0.06万hm2、红美人杂柑0.045万hm2、鸡尾葡萄柚0.086万hm2、甜橘柚0.035万hm2,其他品种0.008万hm2。……
