水泥和碱渣固化含铅重金属污染土特性试验研究
2023-06-07边天奇安晓宇元光宗
边天奇 安晓宇 元光宗



摘 要:【目的】改良重金属污染土修复工程中常用的水泥固化/稳定法技术。【方法】以“氨碱法”制碱工艺的碱渣作为添加剂,通过室内试验研究水泥固化含铅重金属污染土的无侧限抗压强度及毒性浸出特性。【结果】固化土强度随养护龄期的增大逐渐提高,随铅离子含量的增大逐渐减小;与单一水泥固化含铅重金属污染土相比,碱渣的掺入使水泥固化土早期强度提高10%~25%,长期强度降低20%~30%,固化土对铅离子的吸附性能得到提高,不同浸出方法中浸出液铅离子浓度随碱渣掺入量的增大逐渐降低。【结论】碱渣的掺入提高了固化剂对铅离子的吸附性能,与等量单一水泥相比,其浸出液中铅离子浓度大幅度降低。
关键词:固化/稳定技术;含铅重金属污染土;水泥;碱渣;无侧限抗压强度;毒性浸出
中图分类号:X53 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1003-5168(2023)10-0083-05
DOI:10.19968/j.cnki.hnkj.1003-5168.2023.010.017
Abstract: [Purposes] To improve the The Solidification and Stabilization (S/S) immobilization technologies that are the most commonly selected treatment options for metals-contaminated sites. [Methods] The unconfined compressive strength and leaching toxicity characteristics of lead-contaminated soil stabilized/solidified by using cement and soda residue are studied. [Findings] The unconfined compressive strength gradually increases along with curing age, but decreases with the lead concentration of the spiked soil; Comparing with soil solidified by using cement, the addition of soda residue results in increasing in the early strength of cement solidified soil by 10% ~ 25%, but results in reducing in its long-term strength by 20% ~ 30%, and the addition of soda residue reduces lead concentration of leachate and increases the cement adsorption performance. [Conclusions] The addition of soda residue improves the adsorption performance of the curing agent on Pb2+, and compared with the same amount of single cement, the concentration of Pb2+ in the leachate is greatly reduced.
Keywords: stabilized/solidified;lead-contaminated soil;cement;soda residue;unconfined compressive strength; leaching characteristics
0 引言
水泥基材料固化/穩定重金属污染土技术是欧美发达国家较为常用的一种污染土修复技术,其机理及工程应用已有系统的研究[1]。国内研究起步相对较晚,近年来,相关学者结合我国重金属污染日趋严重的形势开展一系列水泥及其他添加剂固化重金属污染土技术研究,取得丰富的研究成果[2-8],推动固化/稳定技术在我国污染土修复及治理工程中的进一步发展。
“氨碱法”制碱工艺在发达国家已被淘汰,我国仍大量使用,碱渣作为该工艺排放的废弃物对环境已造成影响[9]。目前,国内学者针对碱渣废弃物治理及资源化利用研究主要集中在碱渣的工程力学性质[10]及其作为填埋场防渗垫层[11]、地基填垫材料[12-13]适用性方面,利用碱渣作为水泥固化重金属污染土的添加剂研究不多。……
