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巨噬细胞移动抑制因子在银屑病关节炎疾病活动中的作用研究

2023-03-16余淑娇熊江彪李慧吴锐

风湿病与关节炎 2023年2期
关键词:相关性

余淑娇 熊江彪 李慧 吴锐

【摘 要】目的:探讨巨噬细胞移动抑制因子(MIF)在银屑病关节炎(PsA)中的表达及其与PsA疾病活动度的相关性。方法:纳入40例PsA患者为PsA组,按照DAS28评分≤2.6分为PsA静止组,DAS28评分 ﹥2.6分为PsA疾病活動组;同时招募年龄、性别匹配的健康体检者20例为健康对照组。采用ELISA法检测研究对象血清MIF、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平,比较PsA组与健康对照组、PsA疾病活动组与PsA静止组之间实验室指标的差异。结果:PsA组患者血清MIF水平显著高于健康对照组(P ﹤ 0.05),PsA疾病活动组患者血清MIF水平显著高于PsA静止组(P ﹤ 0.05)。PsA组患者外周血TNF-α、ESR、CRP水平显著高于健康对照组(P ﹤ 0.05),PsA疾病活动组患者外周血TNF-α、ESR、CRP水平均高于PsA静止组(P ﹤ 0.05)。MIF水平分别与TNF-α、ESR、CRP水平呈正相关(r = 0.476,P = 0.002;r = 0.465,P = 0.003;r = 0.418,P = 0.007)。结论:血清MIF在PsA患者疾病活动期高表达,MIF可能参与PsA的发生及疾病进展,并与PsA的疾病活动度呈正相关。因此,抑制MIF有望成为PsA治疗的新靶点。

【关键词】 银屑病关节炎;巨噬细胞移动抑制因子;疾病活动度;相关性;炎性指标

Study on the Role of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in the Activity of Psoriatic Arthritis

YU Shu-jiao,XIONG Jiang-biao,LI Hui,WU Rui

【ABSTRACT】Objective:To investigate the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)in psoriatic arthritis(PsA)and its correlation with disease activity of PsA.Methods:Forty patients with PsA were included into the PsA group.According to DAS28 score,they were divided into the PsA static group(DAS28≤2.6)and the PsA disease active group(DAS28 > 2.6).At the same time,twenty-aged and sex-matched health examinees were recruited into the healthy control group.Detection of the levels of serum MIF,TNF-α,ESR and CRP was made and the comparisons between the PsA group and the healthy control group,between the PsA disease active group and the PsA static group were done to know the differences in laboratory indicators.Results:The serum MIF level of patients in the PsA group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group(P < 0.05) and the serum MIF level of patients in the PsA disease active group was significantly higher than that in the PsA static group(P < 0.05).The levels of TNF-α,ESR and CRP in peripheral blood in the PsA group were significantly higher than those of the healthy control group(P < 0.05).The levels of TNF-α,ESR and CRP in peripheral blood in the PsA disease active group were higher than those of the PsA static group(P < 0.05).MIF level was positively correlated with the levels of ESR and CRP(r = 0.476,P = 0.002;r = 0.465,P = 0.003;r = 0.418,P = 0.007).Conclusion:Serum MIF is highly expressed in the active phase of the PsA patients.MIF may participate in the occurrence and progression of PsA,and is positively correlated with the disease activity of PsA.Therefore,inhibition of MIF is expected to become a new target for PsA treatment.

【Keywords】 psoriatic arthritis;macrophage migration inhibitory factor;disease activity;relevance;inflammatory index

銀屑病关节炎(psoriatic arthritis,PsA)是一种与银屑病相关的慢性进展性自身炎症性疾病,主要表现为外周关节炎、指(趾)炎、附着点炎和脊柱关节炎等,临床表现有较高的异质性,表现形式多样,诊断困难,且具有较高的致残率,严重影响患者的生活质量和工作能力[1-2]。PsA尚无特异性诊断方法,目前诊断是基于其临床表现、血清学标志物[如肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)]评估炎症情况、X线或磁共振扫描评估是否有关节损害。巨噬细胞移动抑制因子(MIF)是一种多功能促炎细胞因子,在先天和适应性免疫反应中起主导作用,已知参与多种自身免疫性疾病[3-4],可用于早期诊断和治疗干预的标志物,对抑制炎症和控制疾病进展帮助极大。但是,MIF是否参与PsA发生、发展尚缺乏研究。因此,本研究旨在探讨MIF在PsA患者外周血中表达及其与疾病活动度的相关性。在此项研究中,通过评估PsA患者28个关节,以确定其临床疾病活动度评分(DAS28评分)[5];检测其外周血炎性指标(TNF-α、ESR、CRP),判定PsA患者的疾病活动度情况;通过分析MIF与上述指标之间的相关性,探讨MIF在PsA疾病活动度中的作用。

1 资料与方法

1.1 研究对象 选取2017年1月至2021年10月在南昌大学第一附属医院风湿免疫科就诊的门诊及住院PsA患者40例为PsA组,诊断按照2006年美国风湿病学会(ACR)修订的PsA CASPAR分类标准[6];同时招募年龄、性别匹配的健康体检者20例为健康对照组。所有研究对象排除心、肺、肝、肾等重要脏器疾病。

1.2 研究方法 收集40例PsA患者的基本信息、实验室检查结果、临床特点等进行分析。按照DAS28评分对患者进行评估,DAS28评分≤2.6分为静止期,﹥2.6分为疾病活动期[7]。实验室检查包括血清MIF表达水平及外周血TNF-α、ESR、CRP水平等。采用ELISA法检测外周血MIF、TNF-α表达水平,测定通过商业ELISA试剂盒(分别为北京四正柏生物科技有限公司和Invitrogen USA),根据说明书进行定量检测。MIF检测灵敏度 < 15 pg·mL-1,TNF-α检测灵敏度为1.7 pg·mL-1。魏式法检测ESR水平,速率散射比浊法检测CRP水平。

1.3 统计学方法 采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析。计量资料符合正态分布以表示,采用t检验;不符合正态分布以中位数和四分位数间距[M(P25,P75)]表示,采用Mann-Whitney U检验;计数资料以构成比表示,采用χ2检验;相关性分析采用Pearson检验。以P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。

2 结 果

2.1 2组外周血MIF、TNF-α、ESR及CRP水平比较 PsA组患者血清MIF表达水平显著高于健康对照组(P < 0.05),且PsA组患者外周血TNF-α、ESR及CRP水平显著高于健康对照组(P < 0.05)。见表1。PsA疾病活动组患者血清MIF表达水平显著高于PsA静止组(P < 0.05),且PsA疾病活动组患者外周血TNF-α、ESR及CRP水平显著高于PsA静止组(P < 0.05)。见表2。

2.2 MIF表达水平与TNF-α、ESR、CRP水平及DAS28评分相关性分析 PsA组患者外周血MIF表达水平与TNF-α水平呈正相关(r = 0.476,P = 0.002);与ESR水平呈正相关(r = 0.465,P = 0.003);与CRP水平呈正相关(r = 0.418,P = 0.007);与DAS28评分呈正相关(r = 0.690,P < 0.001)。

3 讨 论

PsA是一种慢性炎症性自身免疫性疾病。由于基因、环境和免疫功能紊乱之间复杂的相互作用,其病因与CD8+ T细胞和CD4+T细胞对促炎细胞因子的失调反应有关,细胞因子分泌异常是PsA发生、发展的重要机制[8-9]。PsA的主要病理改变是炎性细胞浸润关节滑膜,引起骨质破坏,最终导致软骨侵蚀及关节破坏。

MIF是由活化的T细胞产生表达于单核细胞、淋巴细胞及白细胞等,是一种促炎细胞因子,能够通过诱导TNF-α表达,参与PsA炎性反应。研究发现,MIF可上调与软骨破坏相关的基质金属蛋白酶的表达,从而诱导蛋白激酶参与关节破坏的过程[10-11]。体外实验也显示,MIF可使成纤维细胞样滑膜细胞显著增殖及T细胞活化,可能与PsA关节炎性反应及骨破坏相关[12]。文献报道,MIF表达基因-173*G水平与PsA疾病活动度相关[10]。此外,MIF表达水平与类风湿关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮和银屑病等自身免疫性疾病有关[13-15]。本研究结果显示,PsA组血清MIF水平显著高于健康对照组,且PsA疾病活动组血清MIF水平显著高于PsA静止组,同时发现,在PsA患者外周血中TNF-α表达增加。TNF-α是具有多种生物学活性的促炎因子,能够诱导趋化因子、基质金属蛋白酶及炎性介质的合成,导致关节与软骨的炎症损伤[16]。

DAS28评分是反映PsA患者疾病进展的关键指标,与PsA病情密切相关,分值越高,表明患者的病情越严重。本研究结果还表明,PsA患者血清MIF水平与DAS28评分呈正相关,且PsA患者血清MIF水平与TNF-α、ESR及CRP水平呈正相关,符合之前研究的MIF是炎症免疫反应中的重要炎症细胞因子的结论。

綜上所述,PsA组及PsA疾病活动组患者血清MIF水平高表达,且与其他炎性指标呈正相关,提示MIF可能参与PsA慢性进展性炎症性过程,血清MIF水平可作为PsA早期诊断和病情评估的生物标志物。进一步研究其在PsA炎症中的具体机制,抑制MIF有望为PsA治疗新的靶点。

参考文献

[1] MAGEE C,JETHWA H,FITZGERALD OM,et al.Biomarkers predictive of treatment response in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis:a systematic review[J].Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis,2021,8(13):1-17.

[2] SINKEVICIUTE D,GROEN SS,SUN S,et al.A novel biomarker of MMP-cleaved prolargin is elevated in patients with psoriatic arthritis[J].Sci Rep,2020,10(1):13541-13557.

[3] BILSBORROW JB,DOHERTY E,TILSTAM PV,et al.Macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)as a therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus[J].Expert Opin Ther Targets,2019,23(9):733-744.

[4] LIU M,XIE Z,SUN G,et al.Macrophage migration inhibitory factor may play a protective role in osteoarthritis[J].Arthritis Res Ther,2021,23(1):59-79.

[5] PREVOO ML,VAN GESTEL AM,VAN T HOF MA,et al.Remission in a prospective study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.American Rheumatism Association preliminary remission criteria in relation to the disease activity score[J].Br J Rheumatology,1996,35(11):1101-1105.

[6] TAYLOR W,GLADMAN D,HELLIWELL P,et al.Classification criteria for psoriatic arthritis:development of new criteria from a large international study[J].Arthritis Rheum,2006,54(8):2665-2673.

[7] BELMONTE SERRANO M?.Is the DAS28 score the most adequate method to estimate activity in rheumatoid arthritis?Clinimetric considerations and simulations scenarios[J].Reumatol Clin,2008,4(5):183-190.

[8] MACAUBAS C,RAHMAN SS,LAVI I,et al.High dimensional analyses of circulating immune cells in psoriatic arthritis detects elevated phosphorylated STAT3[J].Front Immunol,2021,12(1):758418-758439.

[9] LIN SH,HO JC,LI SC,et al.TNF-α activating osteoclasts in patients with psoriatic arthritis enhances the recruitment of osteoclast precursors:a plausible role of wnt5a-mcp-1 in osteoclast engagement in psoriatic arthritis[J].Int J Mol Sci,2022,23(2):921-941.

[10] HASSAN MH,ELSADEK AAM,MAHMOUD MA,et al.Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and risk of knee osteoarthritis:possible correlations with tnf-α,macrophage migration inhibitory factor,and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol status[J].Biochem Genet,2022,60(2):611-628.

[11] MORALES-ZAMBRANO R,BAUTISTA-HERRERA LA,CRUZ-MOSSO UDL,et al.Macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)promoter polymorphisms (-794 CATT5-8 and -173 G > C):association with MIF and TNFα in psoriatic arthritis[J].Int J Clin Exp Med,2014,7(9):2605-2614.

[12] ROWE MA,HARPER LR,MCNULTY MA,et al.Reduced osteoarthritis severity in aged mice with deletion of macrophage migration inhibitory factor[J].Arthritis Rheumatol,2017,69(2):352-361.

[13] WALLACE DJ,FIGUERAS F,WEGENER WA,et al.Experience with milatuzumab,an anti-CD74 antibody against immunomodulatory macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)receptor,for systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)[J].Ann Rheum Dis,2021,80(7):954-955.

[14] SANTOSCOY-ASCENCIO G,BA?OS-HERN?NDEZ CJ,NAVARRO-ZARZA JE,et al.Macrophage migration inhibitory factor promoter polymorphisms are associated with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients from Southern Mexico[J].Mol Genet Genomic Med,2020,8(1):e1037-e1044.

[15] STEINHOFF M,MEINHARDT A,STEINHOFF A,et al.Evidence for a role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in psoriatic skin disease[J].Br J Dermatol,1999,141(6):1061-1066.

[16] WASZCZYKOWSKI M,BEDNARSKI I,LESIAK A,et al.The influence of tumour necrosis factor α inhibitors treatment-etanercept on serum concentration of biomarkers of inflammation and cartilage turnover in psoriatic arthritis patients[J].Postepy Dermatol Alergol,2020,37(6):995-1000.

收稿日期:2022-10-22;修回日期:2022-12-08

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