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大型直流电动机滑动轴承故障原因分析与检修

2022-05-21于勇

今日自动化 2022年2期

于勇

[摘    要]轴承是电动机运转的重要部件,需要对其定期规范地进行维护与保养,否则非常容易出现故障,从而导致电机故障,造成不必要的经济损失。因此,在此背景下,分析了大型直流电动机滑动轴承出现故障的原因,并阐述了检修大型直流电动机滑动轴承故障的过程。在电动机使用过程中,如碰撞声或机械噪音等异常声音表明发动机存在机械故障,应停止并维修。经验丰富的维修人员可根据电动机发热程度判断电动机故障的大小。机械故障检查的范围包括:润滑和轴承更换;润滑和更换齿轮;对磁钢进行修补,并将其黏牢;修理并更换定子和铁芯;更换涂层和最终涂层;增加接头以减少轴向移动等。

[关键词]直流电动机;滑动轴承故障;故障检修

[中图分类号]TM33;TP273 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]2095–6487(2022)02–00–03

Cause Analysis and Maintenance of Sliding Bearing Fault of Large DC Motor

Yu Yong

[Abstract]Bearing is an important part of motor operation. It needs regular and standardized maintenance, otherwise it is very prone to failure, resulting in motor failure and necessary economic losses. Therefore, under this background, this paper analyzes the causes of sliding bearing failure of large DC motor, and expounds the process of troubleshooting sliding bearing failure of large DC motor. During the use of the engine, abnormal sounds such as collision sound or mechanical noise indicate that the engine has mechanical faults and should be stopped for maintenance. Experienced maintenance personnel can judge the size of engine faults according to the degree of engine heating. The scope of mechanical fault inspection includes: lubrication and bearing replacement; Lubricate and replace gears; Repair the magnetic steel and stick it firmly; Repair and replace the stator and iron core; Replace coating and final coating; Add joints to reduce axial movement, etc.

[Keywords]DC motor; sliding bearing failure; troubleshooting

在大型直流电动机运行的过程中,造成电机故障的原因有很多,通常情况下是由电气和机械两方面的原因。而在机械方面出现故障时,部分原因都是因为轴承出现了故障。轴承是电动机重要的组成零件,在电动机运行的过程中,轴承非常容易受到磨损,同时轴承也附在着电动机最重的部分。研究发现,因轴承损坏导致电机出现故障的原因占70%~80%,因此,应防止轴承损坏以降低电动机出现故障几率。

1 滑动轴承的构造

滑动轴承一共有两个重要的组成部分:轴瓦和轴承座。根据滑动轴承承受载荷的方向可以把滑动轴承分为两大类,其中一个类型就是向心滑动轴承,常用向心滑动轴承的结构形式有剖分式和整体式两种。……

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