赵玉超 袁宏拓 孙铭

摘 要：針对目前典型的非合作区域内，如空降兵战场集结情况下，快速、高精度、低成本定位难以同时满足的问题，基于无源时差定位技术，结合实际布站和连续定位等特点，提出了一种单步加权最小二乘算法。根据时差定位技术的特点，在区域网分布式无线通信过程中，记录通信方到达各个基站的时间戳，得到时差信息，首次定位时进行两步加权最小二乘，非首次定位时利用上一次定位结果先验信息作为本次定位输入，将两步加权最小二乘简化为单步加权最小二乘。结果表明，在固定布站和随机布站情况下，6站到8站是布站资源消耗和定位精度相结合下较优的布站选择，通过相较于其他算法，新算法在-10～-20 dB信噪比下，均有较好的定位精度。故所提算法在特殊场景下能够实现较为快速、准确的定位，在随机布站时也有较好的性能，为降低算法在实际应用过程中的复杂度提供了参考。

关键词：无线通信技术;TDOA;士兵集结;Chan算法;TS-WLS

中图分类号：TN925   文献标识码：A

DOI：10.7535/hbkd.2022yx01005

收稿日期：2021-10-04;修回日期：2021-11-17;责任编辑：王淑霞

基金项目：国防科技重点实验室课题（6142205190401）

第一作者简介：赵玉超（1987—），男，河北石家庄人，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事无线自组网通信、通信导航一体化方面的研究。

通讯作者：袁宏拓。E-mail： 781296515@qq.com

Battlefield assembly location algorithm based on single step weighted least squares

ZHAO Yuchao1，YUAN Hongtuo2，SUN Ming1

（1.54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation，Shijiazhuang，Hebei 050018，China;2.School of Information Science and Engineering，Hebei University of Science and Technology，Shijiazhuang，Hebei 050018，China）

Abstract：Aiming at the problem that fast，high-precision and low-cost positioning is difficult to meet in typical non-cooperative areas，such as the battlefield assembly of airborne troops，a single-step weighted least squares algorithm was proposed based on the passive time difference positioning technology and the characteristics of actual station positioning and continuous positioning.According to the characteristics of the time difference location technology，the communication timestamp to each base station was recorded in the process of regional network distributed wireless communication，and the jet lag information was obtained.The two-step weighted least squares was implemented at first positioning，while the last positioning result was used as a prior information for the location input，simplifying the two-step weighted least squares to one-step weighted least squares.The results show that 6 to 8 stations are better location choices with the combination of station resource consumption and location accuracy for fixed station and random station.Compared with other algorithms，the location accuracy is better when the SNR is -10 to -20 dB.In special scenarios，the algorithm can achieve fast and accurate location，and has good performance under random station，which provides a reference for reducing the complexity of the algorithm in practical application.

Keywords：

wireless communication technique;TDOA;soldier assembly;Chan algorithm;TS-WLS

在战场通信测距一体化环境中，基于到达时间差[1-4]（time difference of arrival，TDOA）的无源定位技术研究是当下的研究热点问题。

TDOA技术利用多个基站间同一信号的到达时间差作为已知条件，建立双曲线模型，进行目标位置的求解。……