胡晓颖 李洋 高士雅 王新宇

摘 要：为减轻工作人员劳动强度，本文设计一种可楼梯行走的变容式便携物流周转箱，用于末端物流配送环节。根据物流周转箱的应用需求，设计箱体结构及主要机构，包括变容与折叠机构、行星轮组行走机构、拉杆伸缩与旋转机构，以实现装置主要功能;利用CREO软件建立模型，并应用ANSYS软件对箱体进行结构有限元分析，应用ADAMS软件进行楼梯行走运动仿真，设计出可实现特定功能的物流周转箱。结果表明，箱体的强度与刚度满足载物要求;变容机构中的限位螺钉作为关键受力部件，强度与刚度满足使用要求，可承受径向冲击力作用;通过多次运动仿真确定行星轮组最优化结构尺寸，且满足运动稳定性要求。该物流周转箱的设计可实现多种功能，满足于末端物流配送环节及城市共同配送模式，也可适用于零售业、家庭等多种使用场景。

关键词：物流周转箱;变容;楼梯行走;结构设计;仿真实验

中图分类号：TH122 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-8023（2021）06-0151-08

Abstract：In order to reduce the labor intensity of staff， a variable volume portable logistics turnover box that can walk on stairs was designed for the terminal logistics distribution. Aiming at the application requirements of logistics turnover box， the box structure and main mechanism were designed， including variable volume and folding mechanism， planetary gear group walking mechanism， rod telescopic and rotating mechanism to realize the main function of the device. The CREO software was used to establish the model， and ANSYS software was used to carry out the structural finite element analysis of the box， and ADAMS software was used to carry out the stair walking motion simulation. A logistics turnover box with specific functions was designed. The results of simulation analysis showed that the strength and stiffness of the box could meet the load requirements. As the key stress components， the strength and stiffness of the limit screw in the variable volume mechanism can meet the use requirements and can withstand radial impact force. The optimal structure size of planetary gear set was determined by multiple motion simulation， and the motion stability requirements were met. The design of logistics turnover box can achieve a variety of functions， which is suitable for the terminal logistics distribution and the urban common distribution mode， as well as a variety of use scenarios such as retail and family.

Keywords：Logistics turnover box; variable volume; walking on stairs; structural design; simulation experiment

0 引言

隨着电商行业的迅速发展，快递量增长迅速，社会各界对物流服务的需求也日益增长。物流末端配送环节，是物流过程关键环节之一，故提升末端物流配送效率对于物流业的发展十分关键[1]。发展应用智能快递柜、智能配送机器人等是末端物流自动化转型的有效方案，但受到成本、技术和经济模式等多方面因素限制，智能化模式的推广仍需一定时间，且末端物流配送不能完全依靠自动化设备和顾客自提的方式，高价值产品及蔬果配送，即时物流、冷链物流行业等仍然需要门到门的人力配送。……