潘慧青，张炎达，杨荣平，赵齐

摘要：为获得具有除臭功能的养殖用微生态制剂备用菌株，从畜禽养殖场粪便富集培养后分离的乳酸菌中，筛选出一株除臭乳酸菌BDLC-3，经16S rDNA测序分析，鉴定为短乳杆菌（lactobacillus brevis），通过大鼠经口毒性试验结果表明该菌株安全无毒。对菌株发酵制备获得的菌剂进行应用效果检验，结果显示，菌剂BDLC-3以3%的接种量处理新鲜猪粪7d可达到最优的除臭效果，对氨气和硫化氢的去除率分别为73.8%±2.6%和55.8%±3.1%。结果表明该菌株具有良好的生长性能、安全性和除臭性能，具备在畜禽养殖中作为益生、除臭一体微生态制剂的潜在应用价值。

关键词：乳酸菌;除臭;氨气;硫化氢

Isolation of a Deodorizing Lactic Acid Bacteria and its Application Effect

PAN Huiqing， ZHANG Yanda*， Yang Rongping， Zhao Qi

（Municipal Enterprise Technical Center of Fujian Beidi Pharmaceutical Co.， Ltd.， Ningde， Fujian， 355300）

Abstract： In order to obtain probiotics strains for breeding with deodorization function， a deodorizing lactic acid bacterium BDLC-3 was selected from the lactic acid bacteria isolated from the feces of livestock farms. According to the analysis of 16S rDNA gene sequencing， strain BDLC-3 were identified as Lactobacillus brevis. The results of oral toxicity test in rats showed that the strain was safe and non-toxic. Application effect test of the bacteria BDLC-3 agent showed that the treatment of fresh pig manure with 7 d at 3% inoculation， with the removal rates of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide were 73.8%±2.6% and 55.8%±3.1%， respectively. The results showed that the strain had good growth performance， safety and deodorization performance， and had potential application value as probiotic and deodorizing probiotics in livestock breeding.

Key words：Lactobacillus; deodorization; NH3; H2S

隨着近年来我国畜禽养殖业规模化、集约化的发展，养殖产生的粪污成为农业面源污染的主要来源，产生的恶臭气体不仅对养殖动物产生危害，更严重影响周边环境和人体健康，由此带来的环境污染成为限制产业绿色、高质量、可持续发展的关键问题，是整个产业需要重点控制的核心问题[1]。国内外对恶臭气体主要采用物理、化学和生物法进行处理[2]，其中生物法主要利用微生物除臭，具有低投资、高效率和生态环保等优点，成为研究和应用的热点[3-5]。与此同时，微生态制剂在畜禽健康养殖过程中具有促生产和促生长，提高饲料利用率和养殖效益等作用，也可使粪污显著减量[6-10]。因此，既具备益生菌功能又兼具除臭效果的微生物菌剂的研究和开发受到重视。乳酸菌是最常用的益生菌，具备产酸抑制腐败微生物生长的性能，也可有效去除恶臭气体，是益生除臭菌研究和应用的重点[11-13]。……