许盈 陈伊灵 蔡雲娟 葛金文 徐伟辉

〔摘要〕 中风是全球范围内造成人类寿命年损失的主要病因，也是中国人最高伤残寿命年损伤疾病之一。针灸疗法作为我国传统的医疗资源，其防治中风的疗效独特、肯定。本文通过论述针灸疗法防治中风的理论认识，归纳总结中风防治因时分期论治、因人辨体论治、因法综合施术的针灸策略，提出针灸有可能被优化为防治中风的系统、具体、有效的治疗方法，从而为规范针灸视角防治中风提供新的策略和便利性。

〔关键词〕 中风;针灸;因时分期论治;因人辨体论治;因法综合施术;策略;防治

〔中图分类号〕R245       〔文献标志码〕A        〔文章编号〕doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2021.12.027

Analysis on the Theory and Clinical Thinking of Acupuncture and Moxibustion

in the Prevention and Treatment of Stroke

XU Ying1，2， CHEN Yiling2， CAI Yunjuan1， GE Jinwen1*， XU Weihui2

（1. Hunan University of Chinese Medicine， Changsha， Hunan 410208， China; 2. Hunan Provincial Hospital of

Traditional Chinese Medicine， Zhuzhou， Hunan 412000， China）

〔Abstract〕 Stroke is the leading cause of annual loss of human life worldwide， and it is also one of the diseases with the highest disability life years in China. As a traditional medical resource in China， acupuncture and moxibustion has a unique and positive effect on the prevention and treatment of stroke. By discussing the theoretical understanding of acupuncture and moxibustion in the prevention and treatment of stroke， this paper summarizes the acupuncture and moxibustion strategies of time-based and phased treatment， body-based treatment and comprehensive application of methods， and puts forward that acupuncture and moxibustion may be optimized as a systematic， specific and effective treatment method for the prevention and treatment of stroke， so as to provide new strategies and convenience for regulating the prevention and treatment of stroke.

〔Keywords〕 stroke; acupuncture; time-based and phased treatment; body-based treatment; comprehensive application of methods; strategy; prevention and treatment

中風为中医病名概念，历史上有“卒中”“仆击”等多个名称，现代医学称之为“脑卒中”或“脑血管意外”，具有高发病率、高致残率、高死亡率、高复发率的特点。《柳叶刀》杂志最近的一项研究综述整理分析了近年来中风危险因素的相关研究，显示本病与高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常等可干预和控制的危险因素高度相关[1]，进一步提示中风是可以防治的。我国当前的医疗实践中，中风的防治除了使用西医常规处理，以中药和针灸为代表的传统疗法的运用也十分普遍[2-3]。本文立足于梳理针灸防治中风的理论与经验，结合目前中医治疗措施，探讨针灸视角防治中风病的可靠性和可行性。

1 中医对中风防治的认知

中医药理论认为中风病位在脑髓血脉，基本病机为阴阳失调、气血逆乱、上犯于脑，病理性质多属本虚标实。……