李海滨 颜宇 王雪

摘要：本文通过淮北市2019年采煤沉陷区基本情况调查，查明了淮北市采煤沉陷区现状，根据实地调查将淮北市划分为44个采煤沉陷区。通过对沉陷区内的采矿权、建设用地、耕地和人口等数据进行分析，发现淮北市采煤沉陷区内耕地的破坏面积最大，占沉陷区面积的50%；建设用地次之，占沉陷区面积的35%；影响人口集中在破坏建设用地较多的几个沉陷区。本次调查既查明了淮北市采煤沉陷区的宏观数据，又将数据细化具体到每个沉陷区，为后续采煤沉陷区综合治理提供了依据。

关键词：采煤沉陷区；建设用地；耕地；人口；综合治理

Investigation and Analysis on the basic situation of mining subsidence area in Huaibei City

Li Haibin1，Yan Yu2，Wang Xue1

1.No.325 geological team，Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration of Anhui Province 2.Huaibei Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning 235000 Huaibei City，Anhui Province

Abstract： Based on the survey of the mining subsidence area in 2019 in Huaibei City，this paper finds out the current situation of the mining subsidence area in Huaibei City，and divides Huaibei City into 44 subsidence areas according to the field survey. By analyzing the data of mining right，construction land，cultivated land and population in the subsidence area，it is found that the cultivated land in the mining subsidence area of Huaibei City is the most damaged area，accounting for 50% of the subsidence area，followed by the construction land，accounting for 35% of the subsidence area，and the impact population is concentrated in several subsidence areas with more damaged construction land. This survey not only finds out the macro data of coal mining subsidence area in Huaibei City，but also refines the data to each subsidence area，which provides decision basis for the comprehensive treatment of coal mining subsidence area in the future.

Keywords： Mining subsidence area，construction land，Cultivated land，population，comprehensive treatment

1.概述

淮北市是一座“因煤而建、缘煤而兴”的煤炭资源型城市，自1960年建市以来，已累计生产原煤约10亿吨[1]，为国家基础能源保障做出了巨大贡献。近年来随着煤炭需求放缓、生态环境保护等因素制约，原煤产量开始减少，但淮北市原煤年产量依然超过3000万吨，煤炭产业依然是淮北市支柱产业之一。由于淮北煤田為全隐蔽煤田，开采方式均为地下开采，多年的采煤活动造成大面积地表沉陷，形成大规模的采煤沉陷区，而且随着采煤活动的进行，沉陷区的面积也在持续扩大。

采煤沉陷区内土地塌陷、破碎，导致耕地、农田被毁，村庄、道路和各种基础设施被破坏，严重影响当地居民基本生活需求，部分失地农民更是面临无良田可种、无安房可居的局面。不仅如此，采煤沉陷区内水土流失、土壤盐渍化、生态系统失衡等一系列环境问题也严重制约着淮北市国民经济可持续发展。……