梁明 闭遗山

摘要：我国南方发生的滑坡、泥石流、岩溶塌陷等地质灾害，严重威胁人民的生命和财产安全，对这些地质灾害体空间分布的勘查和研究十分重要。在滑坡勘查区，通过地质雷达探测，较准确推断出滑坡岩土体结构和滑动面位置；在泥石流勘查区，对于泥石流沟谷堆积物及其附近两侧山体的松散覆盖层，可以有效进行地层划分和深度解译，为判断泥石流的规模提供了重要依据；在岩溶塌陷区，利用三维地质雷达探测技术，较准确推断出隐伏土洞的空间分布形态，为岩溶塌陷的监测和防治提供较可靠的依据，具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：三维地质雷达；滑坡；泥石流；岩溶塌陷

Application of GPR in geological hazard exploration

Liang Ming1，Bi Yishan2

1.Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region geological environment monitoring station，Guilin 541004，China 2.Geology Team No.4 of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomic Region，Nanning 530033，China

Abstract： Geological disasters such as landslides，debris flows and karst collapses occur frequently in the south of China，which seriously threaten the safety of peoples lives and properties. It is very important to investigate and study the spatial distribution of these geological disasters. In the landslide exploration area，the structure of landslide rock and soil mass and the position of sliding surface can be accurately inferred through GPR detection；in the debris flow exploration area，the GPR can effectively divide the strata and interpret the depth of the debris flow gully deposits and the loose overburden of the mountains on both sides nearby，which provides an important basis for judging the scale of debris flow；in the karst collapse area，the three methods are used The 3D GPR detection technology can accurately infer the spatial distribution of the hidden soil cave，which provides a reliable basis for the monitoring and prevention of karst collapse and has a broad application prospect.

Key words： 3D GPR；landslide；debris flow；karst collapse

1.引言

地質灾害是指在自然或者人为因素的作用下形成的，对人类生命财产、环境造成损失的地质作用（现象）。为了减小地质灾害所带来的破坏，需要对其进行探测研究。近年来，伴随着地球物理方法的不断丰富和完善，地球物理勘查技术也得到了迅猛发展[1-4]。在对地质灾害进行勘查和监测过程中，地球物理方法的作用日益突出，并取得了良好的效果。地质雷达探测是一种先进的测试技术，是近十余年发展起来的地球物理高新技术方法，以其分辨率高、定位准确、快速经济、灵活方便、剖面直观、实时图像显示等优点，被广泛应用于地质灾害勘查工作中。本文以广西地区频发的滑坡、泥石流、岩溶塌陷等地质灾害为研究对象，论述二维或三维地质雷达技术在上述地质灾害探测中取得的良好效果。……