马乐 薛晓娜

摘 要：黄河下游滩区防汛道路、生产道路纵横交叉，但没有构成完善的交通体系，已有道路在抢险交通和洪水期应急撤退时难以形成有效的交通保障。在分析黄河下游滩区道路现状和存在问题的基础上，根据滩区村庄分布和黄河下游控导工程的布局及滩区防洪存在的实际问题，提出滩区道路布置的原则和主要设计参数，结合典型滩区自然地理状况进行了道路的平面、纵断面布置，说明了其与黄河下游防洪之间的关系，为今后滩区道路修建提出了方向性建议。

关键词：滩区道路;防洪;黄河下游

中图分类号：TV853;TV882.1

文献标志码：A

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2021.12.009

引用格式：马乐，薛晓娜.黄河下游滩区道路建设分析与规划建议[J].人民黄河，2021，43（12）：45-48.

Abstract： The roads for flood control and production are complex and unsystematic in the floodplain area of the lower Yellow River， but they do not constitute a perfect transportation system，and the existing roads layout are difficult to provide effective traffic support for emergency traffic and emergency evacuation in flood season. Based on the analysis of current situation and existing problems of the roads layout in the floodplain area of the LYR， combining with the distribution of villages，the layout of flood control projects and practical problems of flood control in the floodplain area， this paper put forward the layout principles and design criteria of the roads. Meanwhile， the plane and longitudinal sections of roads were arranged based on the geographical conditions of typical floodplain area， the relationship between roads and the flood control works of the LYR was illustrated， directional suggestions were put forward for the roads construction in the floodplain area of the LYR in the future.

Key words： roads in the flood plain area; flood control; Lower Yellow River

近年來，随着国家经济发展和对大江大河治理的投入，黄河下游的防洪工程建设得到了很大发展[1]。“十三五”结束后，黄河下游第四次大规模堤防加高加固工作即将完成。工程完工后，可以有效解决黄河下游堤防在设计洪水下漫决、溃决的问题，实现在设计防洪标准内洪水下对防洪保护区的有效保护。

同时，随着小浪底水库调水调沙运用，黄河下游河道冲刷，下游滩区的防洪安全水平也得到一定提高[2]。近年来，随着国家的扶贫开发及相关政策的执行，滩区的开发利用得到加强[3-5]。滩区道路作为滩区重要的基础设施，其建设成为滩区扶贫及开发利用的首要任务，近年来部分滩区道路建设得到加强，大规模的滩区道路建设也随着扶贫及滩区开发的深入将得到进一步推进。……