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黄芩炮制历史沿革研究概况

2021-12-08凡梦豪于小慧朱琳张强鞠成国

中国民族民间医药·下半月 2021年10期

凡梦豪 于小慧 朱琳 张强 鞠成国

【摘 要】 目的:总结黄芩的炮制历史沿革,为现代黄芩的炮制方法研究提供参考。方法:通过查阅古今书籍及文献,对其进行整理分析,研究总结黄芩的炮制历史沿革。结果:黄芩古代炮制方法以炒为主,应用辅料比较广泛,有酒、醋、姜、米泔水、猪胆汁等。现代黄芩的炮制方法主要有净制、切制、炒制、酒炙、蜜炙、炒炭等。结论:黄芩炮制方法多样,今后应对黄芩的炮制方法进行深入研究,使其在临床上得到广泛应用。

【关键词】 黄芩;炮制;历史沿革

【中图分类号】R283.3   【文献标志码】 A【文章编号】1007-8517(2021)20-0053-05

Study on the Historical Evolution of Scutellaria baicalensis Processing

FAN Menghao1 YU Xiaohui1 ZHU Lin1 ZHANG Qiang1 JU Chengguo1,2*

1.Liaoning University of Troditional Chinese Medicine College of Pharmacy, Dalian 116600,China;

2.Liaoning Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Engineering Technology,Dalian 116600,China

Abstract:Objective To summarize the processing history of Scutellaria baicalensis, and to provide reference for the research of modern processing methods of Scutellaria baicalensis. Methods By consulting ancient and modern books and literature, the processing history of Scutellaria baicalensis was summarized. Results the ancient processing method of Scutellaria baicalensis was mainly frying, and the auxiliary materials were widely used, such as wine, vinegar, ginger, rice swill, pig bile and so on. Modern processing methods of Scutellaria baicalensis mainly include purification, cutting, frying, wine frying, honey frying, charcoal frying, etc. Conclusion the processing methods of Scutellaria baicalensis are various. In the future, the processing methods of Scutellaria baicalensis should be further studied to make it widely used in clinic.

Key words:Scutellaria baicalensis; Processing; Historical Evolution

黄芩为唇形科植物黄芩Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi的干燥根[1]。又名腐肠、妒妇、苦督邮、枯黄芩、子芩、条黄芩[2]。春、秋季采挖,除去須根及泥沙,晒后撞去粗皮,晒干。以条长、质坚实、色黄者为佳[3]。黄芩气平,味苦,无毒。主诸热,黄疸,肠澼泻痢,逐水,下血闭,恶疮疽蚀,火疡[4]。清热多用生黄芩,安胎多用炒制品,清上焦热可用酒黄芩,止血则多炒成炭用。对于黄芩的炮制首载于晋代,历代有关黄芩的炮制方法呈现多样化,但尚无文献对其做过系统阐述。笔者在查阅资料时,鉴于《中药炮制品古今演变评述》[5]对黄芩的炮制描述较为详细,有一定的参考价值,便以此书作为线索进行论述。笔者在系统查阅黄芩古今文献的基础上,对黄芩炮制历史沿革进行综述,以期为黄芩炮制的深入研究提供参考。

1 黄芩古代炮制方法考证

1.1 净制与切制 净制系指选取中药材的药用部分,除去非药用部分和霉变、虫蛀品、泥沙、灰屑等杂质,使其达到药用精度标准的一类操作[6]。……

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