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汽油机涡轮增压器压气机内流场分析和优化措施 Flow Field Analysis and Optimization Measures in Turbocharger Compressor of Gasoline Engine

2021-11-30刘湘玲LIUXiang-ling

内燃机与配件 2021年22期

刘湘玲 LIU Xiang-ling

摘要:本项目研究以1.5L增压汽油机为研究背景,建立增压器三维模型与有限元网格模型,对其内部三维流场(包括速度场、压力场、温度场)结构强度进行模拟计算分析,对涡轮增压系统动态特性进行研究,从而对其内部流道和增压器的结构强度进行优化设计。在CFD、有限元分析等方法应用下,针对汽油机增压技术应用上的难点,通过进行性能提升和优化匹配方式,达到预计的增压汽油机性能目标,为增压器的研发、设计、制造奠定理论基础。

Abstract: Taking the 1.5L supercharged gasoline engine as the research background, this project establishes the three-dimensional model and finite element mesh model of the supercharger, simulates and analyzes the structural strength of its internal three-dimensional flow field (including velocity field, pressure field and temperature field), studies the dynamic characteristics of the turbocharger system, and optimizes the structural strength of its internal flow channel and supercharger. Under the application of CFD, finite element analysis and other methods, aiming at the difficulties in the application of gasoline engine supercharging technology, the expected performance objectives of supercharged gasoline engine are achieved by improving the performance and optimizing the matching mode, so as to lay a theoretical foundation for the R & D, design and manufacturing of supercharger.

關键词:汽油机;涡轮增压器;压气机;流场

Key words: gasoline engine;turbocharger;compressor;flow field

中图分类号:U661.44                      文献标识码:A                   文章编号:1674-957X(2021)22-0056-02

0  引言

随着现代科学技术的发展,在交通行驶中,人们不但对汽车动力性、经济性关注度比较高,也非常注重汽车所致环境问题。涡轮增加技术为发动机燃烧室配排出气流惯性力的应用下,促进涡轮旋转,以此推动叶轮对新鲜空气产生压缩作用,提高进气量,进而实现对燃烧情况的改善,进一步提升汽车发动机输出功率和效率,更有助于实现汽车尾气对环境污染问题。增压技术在汽车中为重要技术之一,但在实际应用中由于增压汽油机还具有空气动力噪声,因此加大了汽车运行中的噪声,就算是安装进气消声器和排气消声器,对其噪声可以起到降低作用,然而并无法彻底解决涡轮增压器本身噪声。汽车行驶过程中,涡轮增压器工作气流通道流通相对复杂,属于是非定常流动,无法对其实施准确模拟,在当前人们越来越追求汽车行驶舒适度需求下,需要展开关于汽油机涡轮增压器压气机内流场的分析,并提出优化措施,以确保可以有效降低汽车噪声基础上,实现对乘客乘车舒适性的改善。……

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