涡轮增压器叶轮轴心孔断裂故障分析及改善 Failure Analysis and Improvement of the Fracture of the Inner Hole of the Turbocharger Impeller
2021-11-30李伟LIWei李国祥LIGuo-xiang张健健ZHANGJian-jian李建平LIJian-ping王宁宁WANGNing-ning张晓林ZHANGXiao-lin
李伟LI Wei 李国祥LI Guo-xiang 张健健ZHANG Jian-jian 李建平LI Jian-ping 王宁宁WANG Ning-ning 张晓林ZHANG Xiao-lin


摘要:针对可靠性试验过程中出现的叶轮从轴心孔位置断裂的故障,进行了故障分析及复现试验。通过仿真分析确认叶轮轴心孔最大离心应力在133000r/min时为413.5MPa,明显超出叶轮材料C354-T61-HIP的330MPa的抗拉强度,是导致叶轮断裂的根本原因。优化方案调整了轮背加工形式,叶轮轴心孔最大离心应力为350.5MPa,比原叶轮的413.5MPa减小15.2%,成功完成200小时可靠性试验。基于仿真分析及可靠性试验验证,建议在实际使用工况下的叶轮轴心孔最大离心应力≤350MPa。
Abstract: Aiming at the failure of the impeller to break from the position of the inner hole during the reliability test, the failure analysis and recurrence test were carried out. Through simulation analysis, it is confirmed that the maximum centrifugal stress of the impeller inner hole is 413.5MPa at 133000r/min, which obviously exceeds the 330MPa tensile strength of the impeller material C354-T61-HIP, which is the root cause of impeller fracture. The optimization plan adjusted the impeller back processing form, the maximum centrifugal stress of the impeller inner hole is 350.5MPa, which is15.2% less than the original impeller's 413.5MPa, and the 200-hour reliability test was successfully completed. Based on simulation analysis and reliability test,it is suggested that the maximum centrifugal stress of impeller inner hole should be less than 350MPa under actual operating conditions.
关键词:涡轮增压器;叶轮断裂;轴心孔;叶轮轮背;离心应力
Key words: turbocharger;impeller fracture;inner hole;impeller back;centrifugal stress
中图分类号:U463.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-957X(2021)22-0042-03
0 引言
涡轮增压器(以下简称增压器)是一种高速旋转机械,一旦运动部件发生故障,将导致整个增压器在极短时间内损坏。现代发动机小型化及高升功率的发展趋势使得增压器转速呈明显增加趋势。压气机叶轮(以下简称叶轮)作为高速旋转零部件,是影响增压器可靠性及寿命的关键零部件之一。叶轮的离心应力与转速的平方成正比,同时高转速下气流的不稳定性明显恶化,叶轮受到振动应力也明显增加,叶轮的可靠性收到严峻挑战。国内外很多学者对叶轮的故障及其改善进行了大量研究。周怡[1]研究发现影响叶轮应力的载荷因素中,离心载荷影响最大,热载荷影响次之,压力载荷影响最小。对离心壓气机叶轮在不同工况下多载荷条件进行耦合分析,对比了在不同加载方式……
杂志排行
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