曲永华

短文填空题主要考查学生综合运用英语的能力，通过中考阅卷我们发现，它是中考中考生失分较多的一种题型。为了让同学们能够熟能生巧，攻克这一难关，下面结合中考真题给大家作出指导。

[方法概述]

针对这一题型，考生可以采取以下步骤：

1. 分析句子结构，找出句子所缺成分，确定所填单词的词性。

2. 若词性吻合，再结合实际语境和语法规则来确定所填单词的具体形式，得出最终答案。

3. 若词性不吻合，则要将其转化为正确的形式。

[真题分析]

（2021·山东·潍坊）语言知识运用

阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。（保留原题号）

I knew that my aunt， Betsey Trotwood， lived somewhere near Dover， so I decided to look for her.

I had to walk there and the journey took six long days. When I got to Dover， I asked a few people and they told me where 26 （go）.

When Miss Betsey saw me， she shouted， “Go away！ Don’t walk on my grass！”

“Please， madam， ”I said bravely， “please， Aunt Betsey…”

“What！” she cried， 27 （look） at me in great surprise.

“Please， Aunt Betsey， I’m your nephew David Copperfield. You came on the night I was born and saw my dear mother. My life 28 （be） very miserable since she died. My stepfather sent me to work in London and I hated it and ran away. Then someone stole my money and I had to walk…”I felt weak and suddenly fell to the ground.

My aunt picked me up and took me into her sitting room. While I 29 （eat）， my aunt asked me a lot of questions. I was tired after the long day. Soon I fell asleep in a warm， 30 （comfort） bed.

Several days 31 （late） my stepfather， Mr. Murdstone arrived. “David is a very bad boy， violent and lazy， maybe the 32 （bad） boy in the world，” he said 33 （angry）. “We found him a good job in London but he ran away. Now he must 34 （punish）！”

Aunt Betsey listened to him carefully and 35 （reply）， “I don’t believe a word you say. I know you’ve been cruel to this boy and his poor mother. I’ll look after David from now on. Now get out of here！”

【语篇解读】

本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了David在妈妈去世后，生活变得很悲惨时，他决定寻找姨妈求助。几经周折，他终于找到姨妈并与之相认，善良的姨妈没有听信David继父的诽谤语言， 并决定用自己的余生来照顾David。

【答案解析】

26. to go where to go 表示“去哪里”，此处是疑问词 + 动词不定式结构。

27. looking 句中已有谓语动词cried，故此处使用现在分词作伴随状语。

28. has been since是现在完成时的标志词，主语是第三人称单数，故用has been。

29. was eating 此处是while引导的时间状语从句，表示过去正在进行的动作。

30. comfortable 用形容词作定语修饰名词bed， “温暖舒服的床”。

31. later “一段时间 + later”表示一段时间后。

32. worst 根据比较范围“in the world”可知，用形容词的最高级 。

33. angrily 用副词修饰动词，意为“他生气地说”。angry变副词时，要把y变成i后，再加ly。

34. be punished 本句中的主语he是动作的承受者， 要用情态动词的被动语态， 即：must + be + done。

35. replied 根據并列连词and前后的谓语动词一致原则可知，其后也要用一般过去时，故填replied。……