枣树绿盲蝽发生规律及综合防治措施
2021-11-23陈雷滕华容
陈雷 滕华容
摘 要:近年来,随着枣栽培面积的不断扩大,枣树病虫害也日益严重,尤其是绿盲蝽、枣瘿蚊等害虫,成为枣树产业发展重大隐患。介绍了绿盲蝽的形态特征、为害枣的发生发展规律,并对该害虫的防治时期和防治方法进行了详细介绍,以期为枣树良种的推广应用和产业发展提
供参考。
关键词:绿盲蝽;为害寄主;发生规律;防治方法
文章编号:2096-8108(2021)06-0057-02 中图分类号:S665.1 文献标识码:A
Occurrence Regularity of Jujube Apolygus Lucorum and Comprehensive Countermeasure
CHEN Lei, TENG Huarong
(Fuyang Forestry Science and Technology Extension Station, Fuyang 236000, China)
Abstract:In recent years, with the continuous expansion of the cultivation area of ‘Yulingdang jujube, jujube pests and diseases have become increasingly serious, especially early pests such as Apolygus lucorum and jujube Dasineuradatifolia, which have become major hidden dangers in the development of jujube industry.The morphological characteristics and the occurrence and development of Apolygus lucorum of ‘Yulingdang jujubewere introduced, and described the pest control period and control methods in detail in order to provide a reliable reference for the popularization and application of ‘Yulingdang jujube cultivars and industrial development.
Keywords:Apolygus
Lucorum; harm host; occurrence regularity; countermeasure
綠盲蝽(Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dür),属半翅目,盲蝽科。别名花叶虫、小臭虫等,是我国黄河流域、长江流域为害果树、农作物盲蝽蟓种群中的优势种。绿盲蝽为刺吸式口器害虫,食性杂,寄主范围较广,能为害多种果树、农作物、牧草、杂草等28个科100多种植物[1],尤其是对枣树、石榴、葡萄、梨、棉花、豆类、药用植物及花卉等为害较重。
在枣树生产中绿盲蝽是近年来发生面积较大、为害较重的早期主要害虫,防治不当极易造成大面积减产,甚至导致绝收。现将绿盲蝽为害发生特点及防治方法介绍如下,以供参考。
1 绿盲蝽特征特性
1.1 形态特征
1.1.1 成虫
成虫体长4.5~5 mm,宽2.0~2.2 mm,体绿色或黄绿色,密被短毛。头部三角形,黄绿色,复眼黑色突出,无单眼,触角4节丝状,较短,约为体长2/3,第2节长等于3、4节之和,向端部颜色渐深,1节黄绿色,4节黑褐色。前胸背板深绿色,布许多小黑点,前缘宽。小盾片三角形微突,黄绿色,中央具1浅纵纹。前翅膜片半透明暗灰色,余绿色。足黄绿色,后足腿节末端具褐色环斑,雌虫后足腿节较雄虫短,不超腹部末端,跗节3节,末端黑色。……
