罗文彬 李华伟 许国春 许泳清 林志坚 纪荣昌 邱思鑫 汤浩

摘要：【目的】培育适宜在冬作区种植且具有早熟、耐寒、高产、优质等综合性状的马铃薯新品种。【方法】采用田问随机区组试验设计，以耐寒、高产、优质的闽薯2号为母本，早熟、优质的中龙薯I号为父本，对其27份杂交后代品系进行研究，分析其维生素C、还原糖、干物质、蛋白质、矿质元素和氨基酸等主要营养品质的变异程度。【结果】27份杂交后代品系的营养品质性状的变异程度较大，其中：维生素C和还原糖含量的变异系数（CV）分别为22.4%和18.3%。干物质和蛋白质含量的变异程度较小，CV值分别为10.8%和14.9%。矿质元素中，镁和铁的变异程度较大，CV值分别为17.0%和24.2%;钾和锌的CV值分别为10.2%和12.1%。17种氨基酸组分的CV值范围在12.9%～38.0%，CV值超过25%的组分有天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、胱氨酸、精氨酸和脯氨酸;总氨基酸的CV值为14.6%。通过主成分分析和聚类分析，对27份杂交后代品系进行营养品质评价，初步筛选m 1320040、1320001、1320009等12份高營养品质材料。【结论】27份杂交后代品系的营养品质性状具有丰富的遗传多样性，试验筛选出的12份高营养品质材料可为进一步选育冬作马铃薯优良新品种奠定物质基础。

关键词：马铃薯;后代品系;营养品质;评价

中图分类号：S 532

文献标志码：A

文章编号：1008-0384（2021） 07-0742-08

Nutritional Quality of Winter-potato Progenies

LUO Wenbin. LI Huawei， XU Guochun. XU Yongqing， LIN Zhijian， JI Rongchang，

QIU Sixin. TANG Hao

（Crop Research Institute， Fujian Academy ofAgricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Tuber andRoot Crops m South China， Ministry ofAgricultrue，P R China/Fujian Engineering Research CenterforCharacteristic Dry Crop VarieN Breeding， Fuzhou， Fujian 350013，China）

Abstract： 【Objective】 In preparation of breeding new earIy-mature. cold tolerant， high yield winter-potato varieties thenutritional quality of the hybrid candidates was evaluated. 【Method】 A randomized block experiment was conducted in thefield to compare the contents of vitamin C， reducing sugar， dry matters， protein， mineral elements. and amino acids in 27 hybridprogenies of a cold tolerant. high yield. high quality Minshu 2 as the female parent and a very early-mature， high qualityZhonglongshu l as the male parent. 【Result】 Significant variations on contents of the nutrients were found among the 27cultivars. The coefficient of variations （CV） on vitamin C and reducing sugar were 22.4% and 18 3%，respectively， and smallerCV on dry matters and protein 10.8% and 14.g%， respectively. On minerals， the greatest differentiations were shown on Mgand Fe contents with CVs at 17.0% on Mg and 24.2% on Fe. but lower at 10.2% on K. and 12.1% on Zn. The contents of 17amino acids varied in the CV range from 12.g% t0 38.0% with Asp， Glu， Cys， Agr， and Pro higher than 25%. and the totalamino acids at 14.6%. It appeared that these progemes were highly diverse geneticallv resulting in significant variations ontheir nutritional quality. Hence. careful selection of the hybrids would be necessary to maximize the nutritional quality of thenew breed. Using the principal component and cluster analyses， 12 high-quality candidates including 1320040. 1320001. and1320009 were preliminarily selected. 【Conclusion】The nutritional quality of the 27 hybrids with rich genetic diversity wascompared. Accordingly， 12 were chosen as candidates for breeding experimentation

Key words： potato; progenies; nutritional quality; evaluate

0 引言

【研究意义】马铃薯是世界上最重要的非禾本科作物[1]，其营养全面丰富，块茎干物质主要由淀粉组成，必需氨基酸含量高，富含赖氨酸，是人体内膳食纤维、维生素、矿物质、植物营养素的重要来源[2-3]。南方冬作区是我国马铃薯栽培区划中的重要组成部分[4]，该区域冬作马铃薯收获期与国内其他栽培区的鲜薯供应期错开，拥有较大市场，田间收购价较高，具有明显的效益优势[5-6]。……