赵阳 李达维

摘  要：党的十九届五中全会提出，把科技自立自强作为国家发展的战略支撑。当前，科技越来越成为影响国家安全和社会发展的关键因素，科技限制等成为美国打压我国的重要手段，科技领域成为中美大国博弈和全面竞争的主要战场。文章通過把握中美科技冲突的发展态势，分析美国对中国实施科技霸权的主要方法样式，提出“准确评估、积极防御、勇于亮剑、谋求长远”的应对策略，以期为做好应对美国科技霸权的长期准备提供决策支持。

关键词：中美竞争;科技霸权;斗争准备

中图分类号：E20文献标识码：A

DOI：10.19881/j.cnki.1006-3676.2021.09.07

Long Term Preparation for US Science and Technology Supremacy

Zhao Yang1  Li Dawei2

（1.National University of Defense Technology，Hunan，Changsha，410074;2.Equipment System Evaluation Center，Beijing，100095）

Abstract：The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward that science and technology self-reliance should be taken as the strategic support for national development. At present，science and technology has increasingly become a key factor affecting national security and social development. Science and technology restrictions have become an important means for the United States to suppress China. The field of science and technology has become the main battlefield of the game and all-round competition between China and the United States. This paper holds the development trend of Sino US science and technology war，analyzes the main methods and styles of the United States in implementing the science and technology conflict in China，and puts forward the Countermeasures of "accurate evaluation， active defense，brave counterattack and long-term layout "，in order to provide decision support for the long-term preparation for the US science and technology war.

Key words：Competition between China and the United States;Science and technology supremacy;Preparation for struggle

科技霸权是指一国以科技为主要手段对它国经济发展、社会稳定和国家安全等方面进行影响和攻击。近年来，美国因我国的快速发展倍感压力，将我国定位为长期战略竞争对手，在政治、经济、社会、外交和军事等众多领域对我国全面实施遏制政策。科技作为第一生产力，对人类社会各个方面具有根本性影响，科技竞争在中美对抗中扮演着极其重要的角色。科技领域的冲突虽无硝烟，但事关存亡。我们要牢固树立斗争意识，积极做好对美科技斗争准备，力争在这场关乎全局、影响深远的对抗美国科技霸权中化危险为机遇、赢得主动权，以期最终取得胜利。

一、把握中美科技冲突的发展态势

（一）科技越来越成为影响国家安全和社会发展的关键因素

科技是人类认识世界、改造世界的重要手段，是推动社会变革的根本性力量。……