高慧，惠向娟，李玮

摘要：为明确75%噻吩磺隆·苯磺隆水分散粒剂（WDG）对快速性状开发系统（rapid trait development system，简称RTDS）春油菜田阔叶杂草的防除效果、适宜用量及其对春油菜的安全性，进行田间试验。在春油菜3～5叶期，按照终浓度为22.5、30.0、37.5、60.0 g/hm2的75%噻吩磺隆·苯磺隆WDG制剂量，对春油菜进行茎叶喷雾。结果表明，75%噻吩磺隆·苯磺隆WDG可用于防除RTDS春油菜田一年生阔叶杂草，推荐使用量为37.5 g/hm2（有效成分含量为28.125 g/hm2）以上，对藜（Chenopodium album L.）、猪殃殃（Galium aparine L.）、大刺儿菜[Cephalanoplos setosum （willd.） Kitam.]等杂草的防效达到70%以上，使作物增产870%以上。施药后20 d和40 d观察发现，油菜叶色与空白对照区无明显差异，油菜在中后期长势正常。综上所述，75%噻吩磺隆·苯磺隆WDG能够有效防除RTDS春油菜田一年生阔叶杂草并对油菜安全。

关键词：75%噻吩磺隆·苯磺隆WDG;RTDS春油菜;阔叶杂草;防效;安全性

中图分类号：S451文献标志码：A文章编号：1003-935X（2021）02-0064-07Efficacy and Selectivity of Thifensulfuron·Tribenuron-methyl

75% WDG on Annual Broadleaf Weeds in Rapid

Trait Development SystemSpring RapeGAO Hui1，2，HUI Xiangjuan1，2，LI Wei2，3

（1.College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry，Qinghai University，Xining 810016，China;

2.Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture，Xining 810016，China;

3.Academy of Agriculture and Forestry，Qinghai University，Xining 810016，China）Abstract：A field trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy，appropriate dosage and crop selectivity of the formulated mixture of thifensulfuron·tribensulfuron-methyl 75% WDG on broadleaf weeds in rapid trait development system（RTDS） spring rape. The herbicide mixture was applied to the foliage of spring rape at the 3-5 leaf stage at doses of 22.5，30.0，37.5，60.0 g/hm2. Thifensulfuron·tribenuron-methyl 75% WDG could be safely used to control annual broadleaf weeds in RTDS spring rape fields. The recommended dosage was above 37.5 g/hm2 （corresponding to 28.1 g active ingredient/hm2）. This treatment provided above 70% control of Chenopodium album L.，Galium aparine L. and Cephalanoplos setosum （Willd.） Kitam  and the increased crop yield by more than 8.7%. At 20 d and 40 d after application there was no obvious difference in the crop leaf color between treatments and the untreated control，and the growth of rape was normal at the middle and late stages. In all，thifensulfuron·tribensulfuron-methyl 75% WDG can control annual broadleaf weeds in RTDS spring rape field effectively and is safe for rape.

Key words：thifensulfuron·tribenuron-methyl 75% WDG;spring rape;broadleaf weed;control effect;safety

我國油菜籽总产量世界第一，占世界菜籽总产量的23%左右[1]。青海省春油菜种植面积约占春油菜区面积的30%，种植面积约为20万hm2，是春油菜种植的第一大省[2]。我国油菜单产比世界平均水平低 9.7 kg/667 m2，作为青海省的主要油料和经济作物[3]，春油菜田草害是制约油菜籽产量的重要因素，是制约农村经济发展的重要因素。青海省春油菜田的阔叶杂草主要以藜（Chenopodium album  L.）、密花香薷（Elsholtzia densa  Benth.）、猪殃殃（Galium aparine L.）、大刺儿菜（Cephalanoplos setosum （willd.） Kitam.）等为主。春油菜田由于长期大面积使用氟乐灵及高效盖草能等，使野燕麦危害得到有效控制，但长期使用单一的除草剂品种和农户自行加大施药剂量且重复施药，使得春油菜田杂草群落发生迅速演替，部分阔叶杂草对除草剂的敏感性下降甚至引发春油菜不安全[4-7]。……