胡沁沁，周颖，华春霞，庞博文，潘晨航，金水虎

摘要：随着学校规模的扩大和景观建设要求的提升，校园外来植物入侵风险逐渐增加。以浙江农林大学校园外来入侵植物为研究对象，调查其入侵危害现状、评估其入侵风险，为科学防控提供依据。在全面踏查的基础上，按不同植被类型设置样方，调查外来入侵植物种类及其危害现状，并运用层次分析法对危害现状、扩散潜力、在全省的危害程度及其各级指标进行综合分析，评估各外来入侵植物的入侵风险等级。结果表明，浙江农林大学校园共有外来入侵植物14科22属32种（含种下等级），其中菊科（Asteraceae）种类最多，达13种，占外来入侵植物總种数的40.63%;生活型以一年生草本为主，达18种，占56.25%;来自美洲的外来入侵植物达30种，占93.75%。层次分析结果表明，具Ⅰ级入侵风险的外来入侵植物有8种，Ⅱ级风险3种，Ⅲ级风险8种，Ⅳ级风险7种，Ⅴ级风险6种。浙江农林大学外来植物入侵现状与校园独特的人文自然环境密切相关，建议加强对校园草丛、农田果园等重点入侵区域的管理，重点防控喜旱莲子草、加拿大一枝黄花等入侵风险等级较高的种类;开展外来入侵植物动态监测与评估，确保校园生态安全。

关键词：外来入侵植物;浙江农林大学;校园;危害现状;风险评估;入侵风险

中图分类号：X173文献标志码：A文章编号：1003-935X（2021）02-0028-08

Investigation and Risk Assessment of Alien Invasive Plants

in the Campus of Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry UniversityHU Qinqin，ZHOU Ying，HUA Chunxia，PANG Bowen，PAN Chenhang，JIN Shuihu

（College of Forestry and Biotechnology，Zhejiang A & F University，Linan 311300，China）Abstract：With the expansion of school buildings and landscape，the risk of alien plant invasion on campus is increasing. Taking the campus of Zhejiang A & F University as the object，this study carried out the investigation and assessment of the damage status of alien plant invasion to provide the basis for scientific prevention and control. On the basis of comprehensive inspection，quadrats were set according to different vegetation types to investigate the species of alien invasive plants and their damage status;their risk level was evaluated using an analytic hierarchy process （AHP）. A total of 32 invasive plant species （including the subspecies rank） belonging to 14 families and 22 genera were identified at Zhejiang A & F University. These invasive species were dominantly found in Asteraceae （13 species），

accounting for 41% of the total number of alien invasive plants. There were 17 species of annual herbs，accounting for 53%. There were 30 alien invasive plants from America，accounting for 94%. According to the AHP analysis，8，3，8，7 and 6 species were in the first，second，third，fourth，and fifth levels of invasive risk，respectively. The current situation of alien plant invasion at Zhejiang A&F University is closely related to the unique humanistic natural environment. It is recommended to strengthen the management of campus grass，farmland，orchards and other areas，focus on prevention and control of Alternanthera philoxeroides，Solidago canadensis and other high-risk species，and carry out dynamic monitoring and evaluation of invasive alien plants to ensure campus ecological safety.

Key words：alien invasive plants;Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University;campus;invasion status;risk assessment

外来入侵植物是由于自然或人为因素，由一个特定地域的生态系统传播进入另一个生态环境中定居、繁殖和扩散，并对传入地生态环境或本土物种构成一定威胁的植物[1]。……