分层扫气小型二冲程汽油机结构设计与开发
2021-10-20刘永根杨慧明宋雄伟杨威张巍刘毅
刘永根 杨慧明 宋雄伟 杨威 张巍 刘毅






摘要:通过国际合作引进先进设计理念,对化油器、进气管、活塞、气缸、配气相位等进行全新设计,成功开发了具有自主知识产权的新一代分层扫气小型二冲程汽油机,采用纯空气在空间上先行扫气,然后新鲜混合气依次跟进扫气的方式,避免扫气过程中新鲜混合气的短路损失而造成油耗升高及排放污染现象,无需增加触媒等后处理装置,经台架性能及耐久试验后,满足现阶段排放法规要求。
Abstract: Through the international cooperation to introduce advanced design concept, the carburetor, air inlet pipe, the piston and cylinder, with gas phase, such as a new design, successfully developed with independent intellectual property rights of a new generation of stratified scavenging of small two-stroke gasoline engine, using pure scavenging air in space, and then fresh mixture, in turn, follow up scavenging way, It can avoid fuel consumption increase and emission pollution caused by short circuit loss of fresh mixture in scavenging process, and no need to add catalyst and other post-treatment devices. After the performance and durability test of the bench, it can meet the requirements of current emission regulations.
關键词:分层扫气;结构设计;性能测试
Key words: stratified scavenging;structural design;performance test
中图分类号:F407.471 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-957X(2021)20-0034-03
0 引言
小型二冲程汽油机由于其结构紧凑、操作轻便、功重比高、生产和维护成本低等特点,广泛应用于农林机械、园艺绿化、航模发动机等需要动力性能强劲并且轻巧便于携带使用的领域。经过几十年的发展,目前国内通用小型二冲程汽油机年产量约占同期全球同类发动机总产量的40%以上。但其扫气过程中短路损失造成大量的新鲜混合气直接从排气口流失,造成油耗升高并且排放尾气中含有大量的碳氢化合物HC和一氧化碳CO等有害物质,已成为大气的主要污染源之一[1]。欧美发达国家不断实施日益严格的排放法规,美国EPA早在上世纪九十年代就最先实施了通用小型汽油机的排放法规,目前已是第三阶段要求;欧盟也在2017年实施了第五阶段排放法规。常规的小型二冲程汽油机尾气排放已越来越难以满足日益严苛的法规要求。……
