三元催化器对甲烷起燃特性的试验研究
2021-10-20韩雨潘永传徐鹏王永健李玉帅赵令辉
韩雨 潘永传 徐鹏 王永健 李玉帅 赵令辉









摘要:随着国六阶段排放法规的实施,三元催化器作为天然气发动机的后处理设备能够很好地满足国六标准。本文采用潍柴某型号天然气发动机,分别使用四种不同贵金属含量的三元催化器,开展了WHTC循环试验,探究了贵金属含量和氧存储量对甲烷起燃特性的影响,结果表明:不同贵金属含量的三元催化器的排放结果均满足国六排放法规要求;随着贵金属含量的升高,三元催化器基于甲烷的起燃温度逐渐降低,温差最大为22℃;催化器中的氧存储量越大,WHTC循环排放结果中甲烷的含量越低,最低为0.03g/kW·h。
Abstract: With the implementation of National Phase VI emission regulations, the three-way catalytic converter as a post-treatment equipment for natural gas engines can well meet the National Phase VI standards. By weichai a type natural gas engine, using four different content of precious metals ternary catalytic converters, conducted WHTC cycling test, explores the content of precious metals and the influence of the oxygen storage capacity for methane combustion characteristics, the results showed that within a certain range, three yuan catalysts with different contents of precious metals emission results meet the requirement of the six emission regulations, and with the increase of content of precious metals, ternary catalysts based on methane light-off temperature gradually decreased, temperature of 22 ℃ maximum; The larger the oxygen storage capacity in the catalytic converter, the lower the content of methane in the WHTC cycle emission, and the lowest is 0.03 g/kW·h.
关键词:天然气发动机;三元催化器;贵金属;WHTC排放
Key words: natural gas engine;three way catalyst;precious metals;WHTC emission
中图分类号:U464.174 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-957X(2021)20-0018-03
0 引 言
天然气发动机作为汽车动力,符合节能、减排的国家战略,能够改善我国的能源结构,满足日益严苛的排放法规。天然气发动机的原始排放中甲烷较高,必须要在排气侧安装特殊的催化器才能满足排放法规,而甲烷比其它不饱和烃和烷烃的起燃温度高,金属钯(Pb)和铂(Pt)双催化剂方式能够有效的促进甲烷的燃烧。目前,天然气发动机的催化转化器主要有氧化型催化器(DOC)和三元催化器(TWC)。氧化型催化器的贵金属主要是铂和钯,催化排放产物CH4和CO。
而对于排放产物NOX只能通过控制燃烧过程来达到法规要求。各个阶段,法规所要求的排放产物及限值见表1。
国VI新增了PM和PN的要求,限值分别低于0.01和6.0×1011。
三元催化器的贵金属主要是钯(Pb)、铂(Pt)和铑(Rn),能够同时催化CH4、CO和NOX。……
