顾哲 李海涛 张忠廉 郭芳 贾训利 张丽霞

【摘 要】 傣医药是我国四大民族医药之一，具有两千多年的应用历史。云南省独特的自然地理环境，垂直变化显著的地貌，复杂的植物区系带来的生物多样性为生长于兹的傣族人民提供了丰富的药用资源。根据前期系统调查和收集整理，编著出版的《中国傣药志》共收录1666种傣药资源。文章对傣药中属于中国特有种的种类和分布信息进行了整理和分析。经统计，傣药植物药中属于我国特有种的有99种，隶属于52科，多数为分布于中国西南或仅分布于云南的特色藥用植物。加强对傣药特有种的研究对于傣药资源的合理保护和利用具有重要意义。

【关键词】 傣药资源;特有种;保护

【中图分类号】R29   【文献标志码】 A    【文章编号】1007-8517（2021）24-0018-09

Chinese Endemic Plant Species in Traditional Dai Medicine

GU Zhe1，2 LI Haitao2 ZHANG Zhonglian2 GUO Fang2 JIA Xunli2 ZHANG Lixia2*

1.Institute of Medicinal Plant Development，Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences，Beijing 100193，China;2.Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization，Yunnan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development，Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences，Jinghong 666100，China

Abstract：Traditional Dai Medicine is one of four major ethnic medicine of China，which has more than two thousands years application history. Yunnan is aChinese province possesses distinctive geographical environment and remarkable vertical altitude in landform divergence，all of which contribute to biodiversity and complexity of flora and plenties of medicinal resources for the Dai people inhabited in this place. Traditional Dai Medicine of Chinawere pulished in 2019，1666 kinds of Dai medicine resources were compiled within this monographs according to the previous systematic investigation and collection，Here，we collected and analysed all the species information and distribution area of Chinese endemic plant species in traditional Dai Medicine.According to statistical analysis，there are 99 Chinese endemic plant species in traditional Dai Medicine，which belongs to 52 families，most of which are characteristic medicinal plants distributes in southwest China or narrowly in Yunnan.It is of great significance to strengthen researches on endemic species of Dai medicine for a rational utilization and protection of this Chinese ethno-medicinal resource.

Key words：Traditional Dai Medicinal Resources; Endemic Plant Species; Protection

民族药中的中国特有植物资源（以下简称特有种）不仅是少数民族在与疾病抗争中积累的宝贵医药知识，更是我国独有的植物资源。它们是少数民族在其历史进程中利用本土资源的文明独特性的集中体现，不同民族对其本土植物和特有植物药用方面的认识、使用和探索都有独到之处。因此，很多民族药中，特有植物的利用都受到重视，其独特的医药利用价值，甚至成为民族文化不可分割的一部分。

傣药是我国四大民族医药（藏、蒙、维、傣）之一，具有2500多年的悠久历史，是中医学的重要组成部分，也是傣族文化的精华[1]。傣族是一个跨境而居的民族，在国内主要聚居于云南省南部、西南部和东南部，由于这些地区多属热带、亚热带气候，具有雨量充沛、高温、湿润等特点，造就了丰富的生物多样性。……