银杏红曲维生素组方调脂有效性与安全性研究
2021-10-14刘莹彭隆胡成
刘莹?彭隆?胡成



【摘要】目的 探讨银杏红曲维生素组方(MGM)对混合型高脂血症大鼠血脂水平的影响及其急性毒性。方法 采用混合型高脂血症SD大鼠模型,灌胃给予25 mg/kg、50 mg/kg剂量的MGM和阳性对照品32 d后,评价MGM的调脂效果。采用最大耐受剂量法评价23.2 g/(kg·d)的MGM单次给药72 h后对BALB/c小鼠与SD大鼠2种啮齿类动物的急性毒性。结果 MGM及阳性对照品给药32 d后较给药前显著降低高脂血症大鼠总胆固醇、甘油三酯和LDL-C的含量(P均< 0.001),其中25 mg/kg的MGM的调脂效果与50 mg/kg剂量的阳性对照品相当,表明MGM的复方优于阳性对照品的调脂效果。急性毒性实验结果显示MGM对大、小鼠的最大耐受剂量为23.2 g/(kg·d),相当于人体推荐口服剂量的1933倍,在该剂量下观察小鼠与大鼠心脏、肝脏、肾脏的病理切片结果未发现损伤性病变。结论 MGM显著降低高脂血症大鼠的血脂水平,在推荐量范围内服用MGM安全可靠。
【关键词】银杏叶提取物;红曲提取物;叶酸;维生素B6;急性毒性
Hypolipidemic efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba leaf and Monascus extracts combined with vitamin mixture Liu Ying, Peng Long, Hu Cheng. Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China Corresponding author, Hu Cheng, E-mail: hucheng2@ mail. sysu. edu. cn
【Abstract】Objective To evaluate the hypolipidemic efficacy and acute toxicity of Ginkgo biloba leaf and Monascus extracts combined with folic acid and vitamin B6 (MGM) in SD rats with mixed hyperlipidemia. Methods The SD rat models with mixed hyperlipidemia were orally given with 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg of MGM and positive control substance for 32 d to explore the efficacy of MGM on the blood lipid level. The acute toxicity at 72 d after single administration of 23.2 g/(kg·d) MGM in BALB/c mice and SD rats was assessed by the maximum tolerated dose method. Results In the MGM and positive control substance groups, the contents of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) at 32 d after administration were significantly lower compared with those before administration (all P < 0.001), and the lipid-lowering effect of MGM at a dose of 25 mg/kg was equivalent to that of the positive control substance at 50 mg/kg. Acute toxicity test showed that the maximum tolerated dose of MGM for the rats and mice was 23.2 g/(kg·d), 1933 times of the recommended human oral dose. After administration at this dose, no pathological changes were observed in the tissues sections of heart, liver and kidney. Conclusion MGM can significantly reduce the blood lipid level in rat models with mixed hyperlipidemia, which is safe and reliable when administered within the recommended range of dose.
【Key words】Ginkgo biloba leaf extract;Monascus extract;Folic acid;Vitamin B6;Acute toxicity
血脂異常升高是导致心脑血管疾病发生的主要元凶。在伴有高血压、年龄超过40岁、糖尿病等危险因素存在的情况下,血脂的正常值需向下作显著的调整,以降低共患病风险而防止心脑血管疾病的发生[1]。2019年一项中国人群队列研究结果显示HDL-C < 1.3 mmol/L时缺血性和出血性脑卒中发病风险均明显增加。因此,控制血脂对健康状况的维持亚健康的预防和疾病状态的治疗具有十分重要的意义。近30年来,中国人群的血脂水平逐步升高,血脂异常患病率明显增加。据统计2012年中国成人血脂异常总体患病率高达40.4%,血清胆固醇水平的升高将导致2010至2030年我国心血管病事件约增加920万[2]。血脂异常的主要危害是增加动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)及慢性肾脏病并发动脉粥样硬化相关性心脏病的发病危险,是威胁我国人民身体健康的重要危险因素[3]。
高脂血症治疗常用他汀类药物,但其不良反应也不容忽视,比如肝损、肌溶解、血糖升高、停药后快速反弹[4]。这些不良反应阻碍了部分患者使用他汀类药物的依从性,同时也让血脂升高的亚健康人群将其拒之门外。因此,研发天然全植物成分或药食同源配方的调脂保健产品具有巨大的社会需求。本研究探讨了一种药食同源银杏红曲维生素组方(MGM)对混合型高脂血症大鼠调脂的有效性,同时在正常大、小鼠上进行急性毒性实验观察其安全性。
材料与方法
一、试剂
MGM由银杏叶提取物、红曲提取物、叶酸和维生素B6的混合物经制粒、过筛为棕红色粉末状,使用时用无菌水配置,由广州市赛普特医药科技股份有限公司提供。……
