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茎瘤芥抗根肿病育种材料筛选与创制

2021-10-12彭丽莎沈进娟冷容王浩管中荣张召荣杨平范永红

植物保护 2021年5期

彭丽莎 沈进娟 冷容 王浩 管中荣 张召荣 杨平 范永红

摘要 为更好地防治茎瘤芥根肿病,本研究通过采用田间自然诱发和室内人工接种根肿菌的鉴定方法,对14份材料进行根肿病抗性鉴定,筛选出5份可作为茎瘤芥抗根肿病育种材料创制的抗性资源:‘中芜‘CR云‘华双5R‘CR春丽和‘CR-英雄用两种方法鉴定均表现高抗或免疫根肿病。利用‘CR云作为抗根肿病基因的供体亲本进行茎瘤芥抗根肿病材料的创制,获得茎瘤芥和白菜种间杂交的F1,结合形态学鉴定和根肿病抗性鉴定确定为真杂种。

关键词 茎瘤芥; 白菜; 根肿病; 种间杂交

中图分类号: S 436.37

文献标识码: A

DOI: 10.16688/j.zwbh.

2021136

Screening and creation of Brassica juncea var. tumida breeding materials resistant to clubroot

PENG Lisha, SHEN Jinjuan*, LENG Rong, WANG Hao, GUAN Zhongrong,ZHANG Zhaorong, YANG Ping, FAN Yonghong

(Chongqing Yudongnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuling 408000, China)

Abstract

Two methods of natural identification in the field and inoculation identification were used to evaluate the clubroot resistance of 14 materials. Five materials were recommended as resistance resources to creat B.juncea var. tumida breeding materials resistant to clubroot. Resistance evaluation of ‘Zhongwu ‘CR Yun ‘Huashuang 5R ‘CR Chunli and ‘CR-Yingxiong by two methods showed high resistance or immune to clubroot. Using ‘CR Yun as donor parents with resistance gene, B.juncea breeding materials resistant to clubroot were created. F1 generation of hybrids between B.juncea var. tumida  and B.campestris were developed and identified by morphology and resistance evaluation.

Key words

Brassica juncea var. tumida; Brassica campestris; clubroot; interspecific hybridization

茎瘤芥Brassica juncea var. tumida 俗称为青菜头,其食用器官——茎[1]的加工产品榨菜是我国的副食珍品,长期以来受到国内外消费者的普遍欢迎。尤其是“涪陵榨菜”,因其“鲜、香、嫩、脆”的独特品质以及营养丰富、方便可口和耐储存耐烹调等许多优点,在国内外享有盛誉。同时,茎瘤芥种植生产业的发展促进和带动了榨菜加工业以及相关行业的发展,形成了一个以茎瘤芥种植、榨菜加工为中心的互为依存,又相互促进的大产业体系。

根肿病是十字花科作物的主要病害之一,在全球范围内广泛发生,已经造成粮油、蔬菜等产业的巨大经济损失。近年来随着十字花科作物栽培面积扩大和种植集约化程度的不断提高,根肿病在大面积生产上危害日益严重,威胁着茎瘤芥产业的健康发展[2]。目前生产上基本无抗根肿病茎瘤芥品种,已成为茎瘤芥原料生产亟待解决的重大现实问题。……

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