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吉林、黑龙江毛葱病毒病调查

2021-10-12刘建青王永志周琦黄淑敏梁雨欣张春雨魏健程兆伟李小宇

植物保护 2021年5期

刘建青 王永志 周琦 黄淑敏 梁雨欣 张春雨 魏健 程兆伟 李小宇

摘要 本研究为明确吉林和黑龙江省毛葱病毒病发生率,从两省5个地区共采集255份毛葱样品。根据毛葱4种主要病毒基因组序列设计特异性引物,对胡葱黄条病毒Shallot yellow stripe virus(SYSV)和青蔥X病毒Shallot virus X (SVX)、洋葱黄矮病毒Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV)和葱潜隐病毒Shallot latent virus (SLV)进行双重RT-PCR检测。结果表明,229份样品检出病毒,带毒率为89.8%,SLV的检出率最高,达87.06%,OYDV次之,为36.86%,SYSV检出率偏低,为0.78%;同时存在病毒复合侵染,其中双病毒复合侵染为SLV和OYDV,检出率为33.3%;三病毒复合侵染为SYSV、OYDV和SLV,检出率为0.78%,未发现4种病毒复合侵染。本研究为吉林和黑龙江种植区毛葱病毒病防治提供了参考依据。

关键词 毛葱; 病毒病; 双重RT-PCR

中图分类号: S 436.33

文献标识码: A

DOI: 10.16688/j.zwbh.

2020617

Investigation of virus disease on shallot in Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces

LIU Jianqing1,2, WANG Yongzhi2, ZHOU Qi3, HUANG Shumin3, LIANG Yuxin2,

ZHANG Chunyu2, WEI Jian1*, CHENG Zhaowei4*, LI Xiaoyu2*

(1. School of Life Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China; 2. Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling 136100, China; 3. Jingyu County Agro-Tech Extension Center, Jilin

Province, Baishan 135200, China; 4. Jilin Provincial Agro-Tech Extension Center, Changchun 130033, China)

Abstract

To investigate the incidence of shallot virus diseases in Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces, 255 samples were collected. Four viruses specific primers were designed according to viral genomic sequences, Shallot yellow stripe virus (SYSV) and Shallot virus X (SVX), Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) and Shallot latent virus (SLV) were detected by duplex RT-PCR. The results showed that 229 samples were positive, and the incidence of virus disease was 89.8%, of which 87.06% were infected with SLV, 36.86% with OYDV and 0.78% with SYSV. Coinfection of SLV and OYDV was the main type of multiple infections with the infection rate of 33.3%, and the mixed-infection of SYSV, OYDV and SLV was the main type of infection containing three kinds of viruses with an incidence of 078%. However, no four virus coinfection was detected. The results provide basis for the prevention and control of virus diseases in shallot planting areas of Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces.

Key words

Allium cepa var. aggregatum; virus disease; duplex RT-PCR

分蘖洋葱Allium cepa var. aggregatum,俗称毛葱,为百合科Liliaceae葱属Allium两年生草本葱蒜类蔬菜[1],具有较高的食用价值和药用价值,深受消费者青睐,大量出口创汇。毛葱一般以分蘖小鳞茎进行无性繁殖[2],长期的无性繁殖使毛葱所感染的病毒逐代传递和积累,造成35%以上的减产,严重制约着毛葱产业绿色健康发展[3]。

本课题组前期研究发现,侵染毛葱的病毒主要包括胡葱黄条病毒Shallot yellow stripe virus (SYSV)、洋葱黄矮病毒Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV)[4-5]、青葱X病毒Shallot virus X (SVX)和葱潜隐病毒Shallot latent virus (SLV)[6],往往呈复合感染。SYSV和OYDV隶属于马铃薯Y病毒属Potyvirus,植株感染SYSV后叶片主要表现为纵向黄色条纹,严重时导致植株矮化[7];植株感染OYDV后主要表现为叶片局部不规则发黄,向下卷曲,萎缩等症状[8];二者通过蚜虫、汁液摩擦或带毒种苗传播[7, 9]。SVX隶属于青葱X病毒属Allexivirus,植株感染SVX后没有明显病变[10]。……

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